accuse

See also: accusé

English

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd

Proto-Italic *ad

Proto-Italic *ad-

Latin ad-

Proto-Italic *kaussā

Old Latin caussa

Latin causa

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Latin -ō

Latin accūsārelbor.

Old French acuserbor.

Middle English acusen

English accuse

First attested around 1300. From Middle English acusen, from Old French acuser, from Latin accūsō (“to call to account, accuse”), from ad (“to”) + causa (“cause, lawsuit, reason”). Akin to cause. Displaced native English bewray and Old English sċyldan.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: əkyo͞ozʹ, IPA^(key): /əˈkjuːz/
• (US) enPR: əkyo͞ozʹ, IPA^(key): /əˈkjuz/

  • Audio (US):

    (file)

• Rhymes: -uːz
• Hyphenation: ac‧cuse

Verb

accuse (third-person singular simple present accuses, present participle accusing, simple past and past participle accused)

1. (transitive) To find fault with, blame, censure.

   Synonyms: denounce, fault, put the blame on; see also Thesaurus:blame

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Romans 2:15:

     […] and their thoughts the meanwhile accusing or else excusing one another.

   • 1849 February 2, Lord Palmerston, The Address in Answer to the Speech—Adjourned Debate, House of Commons; republished as Hansard's Parliamentary Debates, volume 102, third series, 1849, page 216:

     We are accused of having persuaded Austria and Sardinia to lay down their arms when their differences might have involved the Powers of Europe in contention.

2. (transitive, law, followed by "of") To charge with having committed a crime or offence.

   Synonyms: charge, indict, impeach, arraign; see also Thesaurus:incriminate

   For the U.S. President to be impeached, he must be accused of a high crime or misdemeanor.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 24:13:

     Neither can they prove the things whereof they now accuse me.

   • 1981, Hualing Nieh, editor, Literature of the Hundred Flowers‎^[1], volume II, Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page xxxix:

     Ting Ling had disappeared from public life in 1958. She was accused of being a "Rightist" and was sent to a farm in Hei-lung-chiang Province in remote northeast China, worked there twelve years raising chickens, was in prison five years (1970-1975), and began to live in a village in Shansi in 1975.

3. (intransitive) To make an accusation against someone.

   Synonyms: blame, censure, reproach, criminate

   • 2013 June 8, “Obama goes troll-hunting”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, page 55:

     According to this saga of intellectual-property misanthropy, these creatures [patent trolls] roam the business world, buying up patents and then using them to demand extravagant payouts from companies they accuse of infringing them. Often, their victims pay up rather than face the costs of a legal battle.

Conjugation

Conjugation of accuse

infinitive	(to) accuse
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	accuse	accused
2nd-person singular	accuse, accusest†	accused, accusedst†
3rd-person singular	accuses, accuseth†	accused
plural	accuse
subjunctive	accuse	accused
imperative	accuse	—
participles	accusing	accused

^† Archaic or obsolete.

Derived terms

• accusal
• accusee
• accusement
• accusive
• accusor
• counteraccuse
• hackusate
• misaccuse
• reaccuse

Related terms

• accusable
• accusation
• accusative
• accusatory
• accuser
• excuse
• recuse
• ruse

Translations

attribute blame to someone — see also denounce,‎ inculpate

• Arabic: اِتَّهَمَ (ittahama)
• Asturian: acusar
• Azerbaijani: ittiham etmək, suçlamaq
• Belarusian: абвінава́чваць impf (abvinaváčvacʹ), абвінава́ціць pf (abvinavácicʹ)
• Bulgarian: обвиня́вам (bg) impf (obvinjávam)
• Catalan: acusar (ca)
• Cherokee: ᎫᎯᏍᏗᎭ (guhisdiha)
• Cheyenne: -ho'é'ėšé'tov
• Chickasaw: ishtombohli
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 指責 / 指责 (zh) (zhǐzé), 控告 (zh) (kònggào), 譴責 / 谴责 (zh) (qiǎnzé), 指控 (zh) (zhǐkòng), 控訴 / 控诉 (zh) (kòngsù)

• Czech: obviňovat (cs) impf, obvinit (cs) pf
• Danish: beskylde (da), anklage (da)
• Dutch: beschuldigen (nl), aanklagen (nl)
• Esperanto: akuzi
• Finnish: syyttää (fi)
• French: accuser (fr)
• Frisian:

  West Frisian: beskuldigje

• Galician: acusar (gl)
• Georgian: დაბრალება (dabraleba)
• German: beschuldigen (de), anklagen (de)
• Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽 (fairinōn)
• Greek: κατηγορώ (el) (katigoró)

  Ancient Greek: κατηγορέω (katēgoréō)

• Hebrew: האשים (he) (he'eshím)
• Hindi: आरोप लगाना (hi) (ārop lagānā)
• Hungarian: vádol (hu), megvádol (hu)
• Icelandic: kæra (is)
• Ido: akuzar (io)
• Indonesian: menuduh (id)
• Interlingua: accusar
• Irish: coirigh
• Italian: accusare (it)
• Japanese: 問う (ja) (とう, tou), 着せる (ja) (きせる, kiseru)
• Kituba: funda
• Kongo: funda
• Korean: 고소하다 (ko) (gosohada)
• Latin: accūsō (la), crīminor
• Lingala: funda
• Lithuanian: apkaltinti (lt), kaltinti (lt)
• Macedonian: обвинува impf (obvinuva), обвини pf (obvini)
• Māori: whakapae, whakatuaki
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: beskylde (no)

  Nynorsk: skulde, skylde

• Old English: sacan
• Polish: oskarżać (pl) impf, oskarżyć (pl) pf
• Portuguese: acusar (pt)
• Romanian: acuza (ro)
• Russian: вини́ть (ru) impf (vinítʹ), обвиня́ть (ru) impf (obvinjátʹ), обвини́ть (ru) pf (obvinítʹ)
• Scots: wyte
• Scottish Gaelic: cuir às leth
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: опту́жити pf, окри́вити pf

  Latin: optúžiti (sh) pf, okríviti (sh) pf

• Slovak: obviňovať impf, obviniť pf, obžalovať pf
• Slovene: obtožiti
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: do winy dawaś impf, do winy daś pf

  Upper Sorbian: wobwinować impf, wobwinić pf

• Spanish: acusar (es)
• Swedish: anklaga (sv), beskylla (sv)
• Tagalog: magbintang, pagbintangan
• Turkish: suçlamak (tr)
• Ukrainian: звинува́чувати impf (zvynuváčuvaty), звинува́тити pf (zvynuvátyty)
• Urdu: الزام لگانا (ilzām lagānā)
• Volapük: kusadön (vo)
• Yiddish: באַשולדיקן (bashuldikn)

Noun

accuse (uncountable)

1. (obsolete) Accusation.
   • c. 1596–1599, William Shakespeare, Henry IV, Part 2, act 3, scene 1, lines 158–160:

     And dogged York, that reaches at the moon, / Whose overweening arm I have plucked back, / By false accuse doth level at my life.

Further reading

• “accuse”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin Eli Smith, editors (1895–1910), “accuse”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “accuse”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

Anagrams

• cuecas

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.kyz/

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

Verb

accuse

1. inflection of accuser:
   1. first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
   2. second-person singular imperative

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /akˈku.ze/
• Rhymes: -uze
• Hyphenation: ac‧cù‧se

Noun

accuse f

1. plural of accusa

Portuguese

Verb

accuse

1. inflection of accusar:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative