guardar

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.

Pronunciation

Audio (Barcelona): (file)

Verb

guardar (first-person singular present guardo, first-person singular preterite guardí, past participle guardat)

to keep
to order
to clean
(computing) to save
Synonym: desar

Conjugation

Central Catalan conjugation of guardar (first conjugation)

person		singular			plural
infinitive			guardar
gerund			guardant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		guardat		guardada
		plural		guardats		guardades
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	guardo	guardes	guarda	guardem	guardeu	guarden
	imperfect	guardava	guardaves	guardava	guardàvem	guardàveu	guardaven
	future	guardaré	guardaràs	guardarà	guardarem	guardareu	guardaran
	preterite	guardí	guardares	guardà	guardàrem	guardàreu	guardaren
	conditional	guardaria	guardaries	guardaria	guardaríem	guardaríeu	guardarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	guardi	guardis	guardi	guardem	guardeu	guardin
	imperfect	guardés	guardessis	guardés	guardéssim	guardéssiu	guardessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	guarda	guardi	guardem	guardeu	guardin
	negative (no)	—	no guardis	no guardi	no guardem	no guardeu	no guardin

Derived terms

Related terms

Interlingua

Verb

guardar

to guard

Conjugation

Conjugation of *guardar*
participle		present	perfect
infinitive		guardar
participle		guardante	guardate

active		simple	perfect
	present	guarda	ha guardate
	past	guardava	habeva guardate
	future	guardara	habera guardate
	conditional	guardarea	haberea guardate
	imperative	guarda	—

passive		simple	perfect
	present	es guardate	ha essite guardate
	past	esseva guardate	habeva essite guardate
	future	essera guardate	habera essite guardate
	conditional	esserea guardate	haberea essite guardate
	imperative	sia guardate	—

Italian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡwarˈdar/
Rhymes: -ar
Hyphenation: guar‧dàr

Verb

guardar (apocopated)

apocopic form of guardare

Old Galician-Portuguese

Alternative forms

gardar

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *wer-

Proto-Indo-European *wor-tús

Proto-Germanic *warduz

Proto-Germanic *-āną

Proto-Germanic *wardō

Proto-Germanic *-āną

Proto-Germanic *wardāną

Frankish *wardēnbor.

Early Medieval Latin wardāre

Old Galician-Portuguese guardar

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.

Verb

guardar

Conjugation

Conjugation of guardar

gerund		compound		gerund of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
infinitive				guardar
gerund		simple		guardando
past participle				singular		plural
		masculine		guardado		guardados
		feminine		guardada		guardadas
present participle				guardante		guardantes
person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative mood		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	guardo	guardas	guarda	guardamos	guardades, guardaes, guardais, guardaas, guardás	guardan
	imperfect	guardava	guardavas	guardava	guardavamos, guardávamos	guardavades, guardávades, guardávaes, guardávais, guardávees, guardáveis	guardavan
	preterite	guardei	guardaste, guardasche, guardache	guardou	guardamos	guardastes	guardaron
	pluperfect	guardara	guardaras	guardara	guardaramos, guardáramos	guardarades, guardárades, guardáraes, guardárais, guardárees, guardáreis	guardaran
	future	guardarei	guardarás	guardará	guardaremos	guardaredes, guardarees, guardareis, guardarês	guardarán
	conditional	guardaria	guardarias	guardaria	guardariamos, guardaríamos	guardariades, guardaríades, guardaríaes, guardaríais, guardaríees, guardaríeis	guardarian
compound tenses	present perfect	present of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
	past anterior	preterite of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
	pluperfect anterior	simple pluperfect of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
	future perfect	future of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
subjunctive mood		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	guarde	guardes	guarde	guardemos	guardedes, guardees, guardeis, guardês	guarden
	imperfect	guardasse	guardasses	guardasse	guardassemos, guardássemos	guardassedes, guardássedes, guardássees, guardásseis	guardassen
	future	guardar	guardares	guardar	guardarmos	guardardes	guardaren
compound tenses	present perfect	present subjunctive of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
	future perfect	future subjunctive of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
imperative mood		—	tu	—	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	—
affirmative		—	guarda	—	guardemos	guardade, guardae, guardai	—
negative		—	non guardes	—	non guardemos	non guardedes, non guardees, non guardeis, non guardês	—
personal infinitive		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
personal infinitive		guardar	guardares	guardar	guardarmos	guardardes	guardaren
¹ Haver is more common than tẽer.

Related terms

aguardar

Descendants

Galician: gardar, guardar
Portuguese: guardar

Portuguese

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *wer-

Proto-Indo-European *wor-tús

Proto-Germanic *warduz

Proto-Germanic *-āną

Proto-Germanic *wardō

Proto-Germanic *-āną

Proto-Germanic *wardāną

Frankish *wardēnbor.

Early Medieval Latin wardāre

Old Galician-Portuguese guardar

Portuguese guardar

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese guardar, from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /ɡwaʁˈda(ʁ)/ [ɡwaɦˈda(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ɡwaɾˈda(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ɡwaʁˈda(ʁ)/ [ɡwaʁˈda(χ)]
- (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ɡwaɻˈda(ɻ)/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɡwɐɾˈdaɾ/ [ɡwɐɾˈðaɾ]
- (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɡwɐɾˈda.ɾi/

(Northeast Brazil) IPA^(key): /ɡwaɦ.ˈda(h)/
Audio (Portugal (Porto)): (file)
Hyphenation: guar‧dar

Verb

guardar (first-person singular present guardo, first-person singular preterite guardei, past participle guardado)

to save, keep, retain, preserve
to protect, defend
to put away (to put something in its usual storage place)
(computing) to save (to write a file to disk or other storage medium)

Conjugation

Conjugation of guardar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	guardar
Personal	guardar	guardares	guardar	guardarmos	guardardes	guardarem
Gerund
	guardando
Past participle
Masculine	guardado			guardados
Feminine	guardada			guardadas
Indicative
Present	guardo	guardas	guarda	guardamos	guardais	guardam
Imperfect	guardava	guardavas	guardava	guardávamos	guardáveis	guardavam
Preterite	guardei	guardaste	guardou	guardamos¹, guardámos²	guardastes	guardaram
Pluperfect	guardara	guardaras	guardara	guardáramos	guardáreis	guardaram
Future	guardarei	guardarás	guardará	guardaremos	guardareis	guardarão
Conditional	guardaria	guardarias	guardaria	guardaríamos	guardaríeis	guardariam
Subjunctive
Present	guarde	guardes	guarde	guardemos	guardeis	guardem
Imperfect	guardasse	guardasses	guardasse	guardássemos	guardásseis	guardassem
Future	guardar	guardares	guardar	guardarmos	guardardes	guardarem
Imperative
Affirmative		guarda	guarde	guardemos	guardai	guardem
Negative (não)		não guardes	não guarde	não guardemos	não guardeis	não guardem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Derived terms

Romansh

Etymology

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.

Verb

guardar

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) to look, look at, watch

Synonyms

(Sursilvan) mirar
(Sutsilvan, Surmiran) vurdar

Derived terms

(Vallader) guardar davo (“to look up, look for, search, seek”)

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *wer-

Proto-Indo-European *wor-tús

Proto-Germanic *warduz

Proto-Germanic *-āną

Proto-Germanic *wardō

Proto-Germanic *-āną

Proto-Germanic *wardāną

Frankish *wardēnbor.

Early Medieval Latin wardāre

Spanish guardar

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡwaɾˈdaɾ/ [ɡwaɾˈð̞aɾ]
Audio (Colombia): (file)
Rhymes: -aɾ
Syllabification: guar‧dar

Verb

guardar (first-person singular present guardo, first-person singular preterite guardé, past participle guardado)

(transitive) to save (to store for future use)
(computing) to save (to write a file to disk or other storage medium)
guardar un archivo ― to save a file
to keep
Ha jurado guardarlo en secreto
He has sworn to keep it secret
to order
to clean
to put away
Guárdalo antes de que lo vean.
Put it away before they see it.

Usage notes

False friend to Italian guardare.

Conjugation

Conjugation of guardar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			guardar
gerund			guardando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		guardado		guardada
		plural		guardados		guardadas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	guardo	guardas^{^tú} guardás^{^vos}	guarda	guardamos	guardáis	guardan
	imperfect	guardaba	guardabas	guardaba	guardábamos	guardabais	guardaban
	preterite	guardé	guardaste	guardó	guardamos	guardasteis	guardaron
	future	guardaré	guardarás	guardará	guardaremos	guardaréis	guardarán
	conditional	guardaría	guardarías	guardaría	guardaríamos	guardaríais	guardarían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	guarde	guardes^{^tú} guardés^{^vos²}	guarde	guardemos	guardéis	guarden
	imperfect (ra)	guardara	guardaras	guardara	guardáramos	guardarais	guardaran
	imperfect (se)	guardase	guardases	guardase	guardásemos	guardaseis	guardasen
	future¹	guardare	guardares	guardare	guardáremos	guardareis	guardaren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		guarda^{^tú} guardá^{^vos}	guarde	guardemos	guardad	guarden
	negative		no guardes	no guarde	no guardemos	no guardéis	no guarden

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

Selected combined forms of guardar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive guardar	dative	guardarme	guardarte	guardarle, guardarse	guardarnos	guardaros	guardarles, guardarse
with infinitive guardar	accusative	guardarme	guardarte	guardarlo, guardarla, guardarse	guardarnos	guardaros	guardarlos, guardarlas, guardarse

with gerund guardando	dative	guardándome	guardándote	guardándole, guardándose	guardándonos	guardándoos	guardándoles, guardándose
with gerund guardando	accusative	guardándome	guardándote	guardándolo, guardándola, guardándose	guardándonos	guardándoos	guardándolos, guardándolas, guardándose

with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative guarda	dative	guárdame	guárdate	guárdale	guárdanos	not used	guárdales
	accusative	guárdame	guárdate	guárdalo, guárdala	guárdanos	not used	guárdalos, guárdalas

with informal second-person singular voseo imperative guardá	dative	guardame	guardate	guardale	guardanos	not used	guardales
	accusative	guardame	guardate	guardalo, guardala	guardanos	not used	guardalos, guardalas

with formal second-person singular imperative guarde	dative	guárdeme	not used	guárdele, guárdese	guárdenos	not used	guárdeles
with formal second-person singular imperative guarde	accusative	guárdeme	not used	guárdelo, guárdela, guárdese	guárdenos	not used	guárdelos, guárdelas

with first-person plural imperative guardemos	dative	not used	guardémoste	guardémosle	guardémonos	guardémoos	guardémosles
with first-person plural imperative guardemos	accusative	not used	guardémoste	guardémoslo, guardémosla	guardémonos	guardémoos	guardémoslos, guardémoslas

with informal second-person plural imperative guardad	dative	guardadme	not used	guardadle	guardadnos	guardaos	guardadles
with informal second-person plural imperative guardad	accusative	guardadme	not used	guardadlo, guardadla	guardadnos	guardaos	guardadlos, guardadlas

with formal second-person plural imperative guarden	dative	guárdenme	not used	guárdenle	guárdennos	not used	guárdenles, guárdense
with formal second-person plural imperative guarden	accusative	guárdenme	not used	guárdenlo, guárdenla	guárdennos	not used	guárdenlos, guárdenlas, guárdense

Derived terms

Related terms

guardamiento

Catalan

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading

Interlingua

Verb

Conjugation

Italian

Pronunciation

Verb

Old Galician-Portuguese

Alternative forms

Etymology

Verb

Conjugation

Related terms

Descendants

Further reading

Portuguese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Further reading

Romansh

Etymology

Verb

Synonyms

Derived terms

Spanish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Usage notes

Conjugation

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading