restar

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin restāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central) [rəsˈta]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [resˈtaɾ]
• IPA^(key): (Northwestern) [resˈta]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

restar (first-person singular present resto, first-person singular preterite restí, past participle restat); root stress: (Northern) /e̞/; (Balearic, Central, Northwestern, Valencia) /e/

1. (intransitive) to stay, remain

   Synonym: quedar

2. (intransitive) to be left

   Synonym: quedar

3. (arithmetic, transitive) to subtract

   Synonym: sostreure

4. (sports, transitive) to return (a serve)

   Synonym: retornar

Conjugation

    Central Catalan conjugation of restar (first conjugation)

infinitive			restar
gerund			restant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		restat		restada
		plural		restats		restades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	resto	restes	resta	restem	resteu	resten
	imperfect	restava	restaves	restava	restàvem	restàveu	restaven
	future	restaré	restaràs	restarà	restarem	restareu	restaran
	preterite	restí	restares	restà	restàrem	restàreu	restaren
	conditional	restaria	restaries	restaria	restaríem	restaríeu	restarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	resti	restis	resti	restem	resteu	restin
	imperfect	restés	restessis	restés	restéssim	restéssiu	restessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	resta	resti	restem	resteu	restin
	negative (no)	—	no restis	no resti	no restem	no resteu	no restin

Derived terms

• contrarestar
• resta
• restada
• restant

Further reading

• “restar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• “restar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026
• “restar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• Alcover, Antoni Maria; Moll, Francesc de Borja (1963), “restar”, in Diccionari català-valencià-balear (in Catalan)

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from French rester, Spanish restar, Italian restare, all from Latin restō, restāre (“stand firm; stay behind; remain”).

Verb

restar (present tense restas, past tense restis, future tense restos, imperative restez, conditional restus)

1. (intransitive) to remain, stay, abide

Usage notes

The verb meaning to rest is repozar.

Conjugation

Conjugation of restar

		present		past		future
infinitive		restar		restir		restor
tense		restas		restis		restos
conditional		restus		—		—
imperative		restez		—		—
adjective active participle		restanta		restinta		restonta
adverbial active participle		restante		restinte		restonte
nominal active participle	singular	restanto		restinto		restonto
	plural	restanti		restinti		restonti

Related terms

• resto

Italian

Verb

restar (apocopated)

1. apocopic form of restare

Anagrams

• sterra

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

restar m

1. indefinite plural of rest

Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin rēstāre, from re- +‎ stō.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁesˈta(ʁ)/ [hesˈta(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁesˈta(ʁ)/ [hesˈta(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ʁesˈta(ɾ)/ [hesˈta(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ʁeʃˈta(ʁ)/ [χeʃˈta(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ʁesˈta(ɻ)/ [hesˈta(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨʃˈtaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨʃˈtaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨʃˈta.ɾi/

Verb

restar (first-person singular present resto, first-person singular preterite restei, past participle restado)

1. to remain
2. to stay

Conjugation

    Conjugation of restar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	restar
Personal	restar	restares	restar	restarmos	restardes	restarem
Gerund
	restando
Past participle
Masculine	restado			restados
Feminine	restada			restadas
Indicative
Present	resto	restas	resta	restamos	restais	restam
Imperfect	restava	restavas	restava	restávamos	restáveis	restavam
Preterite	restei	restaste	restou	restamos1, restámos2	restastes	restaram
Pluperfect	restara	restaras	restara	restáramos	restáreis	restaram
Future	restarei	restarás	restará	restaremos	restareis	restarão
Conditional	restaria	restarias	restaria	restaríamos	restaríeis	restariam
Subjunctive
Present	reste	restes	reste	restemos	resteis	restem
Imperfect	restasse	restasses	restasse	restássemos	restásseis	restassem
Future	restar	restares	restar	restarmos	restardes	restarem
Imperative
Affirmative		resta	reste	restemos	restai	restem
Negative (não)		não restes	não reste	não restemos	não resteis	não restem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Further reading

• “restar”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “restar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Italic *wre-

Latin re-

Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti

Proto-Indo-European *-yeti

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti

Proto-Indo-European *sth₂éh₁yeti

Proto-Italic *staējō

Proto-Italic *staēō

Latin stō

Latin restārelbor.

Spanish restar

Learned borrowing from Latin restāre (“to stand firm, remain”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /resˈtaɾ/ [resˈt̪aɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: res‧tar

Verb

restar (first-person singular present resto, first-person singular preterite resté, past participle restado)

1. (transitive) to subtract, to reduce, to deduct

   Synonyms: reducir, disminuir

2. (intransitive) to remain

   Synonyms: quedar, permanecer, sobrar

3. (ambitransitive, sports) to return (hit the ball back after a serve)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of restar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			restar
gerund			restando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		restado		restada
		plural		restados		restadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	resto	restastú restásvos	resta	restamos	restáis	restan
	imperfect	restaba	restabas	restaba	restábamos	restabais	restaban
	preterite	resté	restaste	restó	restamos	restasteis	restaron
	future	restaré	restarás	restará	restaremos	restaréis	restarán
	conditional	restaría	restarías	restaría	restaríamos	restaríais	restarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	reste	restestú restésvos2	reste	restemos	restéis	resten
	imperfect (ra)	restara	restaras	restara	restáramos	restarais	restaran
	imperfect (se)	restase	restases	restase	restásemos	restaseis	restasen
	future1	restare	restares	restare	restáremos	restareis	restaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		restatú restávos	reste	restemos	restad	resten
	negative		no restes	no reste	no restemos	no restéis	no resten

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of restar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive restar	dative	restarme	restarte	restarle, restarse	restarnos	restaros	restarles, restarse
	accusative	restarme	restarte	restarlo, restarla, restarse	restarnos	restaros	restarlos, restarlas, restarse
with gerund restando	dative	restándome	restándote	restándole, restándose	restándonos	restándoos	restándoles, restándose
	accusative	restándome	restándote	restándolo, restándola, restándose	restándonos	restándoos	restándolos, restándolas, restándose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative resta	dative	réstame	réstate	réstale	réstanos	not used	réstales
	accusative	réstame	réstate	réstalo, réstala	réstanos	not used	réstalos, réstalas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative restá	dative	restame	restate	restale	restanos	not used	restales
	accusative	restame	restate	restalo, restala	restanos	not used	restalos, restalas
with formal second-person singular imperative reste	dative	résteme	not used	réstele, réstese	réstenos	not used	résteles
	accusative	résteme	not used	réstelo, réstela, réstese	réstenos	not used	réstelos, réstelas
with first-person plural imperative restemos	dative	not used	restémoste	restémosle	restémonos	restémoos	restémosles
	accusative	not used	restémoste	restémoslo, restémosla	restémonos	restémoos	restémoslos, restémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative restad	dative	restadme	not used	restadle	restadnos	restaos	restadles
	accusative	restadme	not used	restadlo, restadla	restadnos	restaos	restadlos, restadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative resten	dative	réstenme	not used	réstenle	réstennos	not used	réstenles, réstense
	accusative	réstenme	not used	réstenlo, réstenla	réstennos	not used	réstenlos, réstenlas, réstense

Derived terms

• restarle importancia (“to downplay, to play down; to de-emphasize”)

Related terms

• arrestar
• restante
• resto

Further reading

• “restar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025
• Coromines, Joan; Pascual, José Antonio (1984), “estar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic etymological dictionary]‎^[1] (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 778

Venetan

Etymology

From Latin restāre. Compare Italian restare.

Verb

restar

1. (intransitive) to stay, remain

Conjugation

* Venetan conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of restar (first conjugation)

infinitive	restar
auxiliary verb		èser	gerund		restando
past participle		restà
person	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	mi	ti	eło / eła	noialtri / noialtre	voialtri / voialtre	łuri / łore
present	resto	(te) resti	(el/ła) resta	restémo, restòn	resté	(i/łe) resta
imperfect	restava	(te) restavi	(el/ła) restava	restàvimo	restavi	(i/łe) restava
future	restarò	(te) restarè	(el/ła) restarà	restarémo	restarè	(i/łe) restarà
conditional	restarìa	(te) restarisi	(el/ła) restarìa	restarìsimo	restarisi	(i/łe) restarìa
subjunctive	che mi	che ti	che eło / eła	che noialtri / noialtre	che voialtri / voialtre	che łuri / łore
present	reste, resta	(te) resti	(el/ła) reste, (el/ła) resta	restémo, restone	resté	(i/łe) reste, (i/łe) resta
imperfect	restase	(te) restasi	(el/ła) restase	restàsimo	restasi	(i/łe) restase
imperative	—	ti	eło / eła	noialtri / noialtre	voialtri / voialtre	łuri / łore
	—	(te) resta	(el/ła) resta, (el/ła) reste	restémo	resté	(i/łe) resta, (i/łe) reste