HMS R1 explained

HMS R1 was one of 10 R-class submarine built for the Royal Navy during the First World War. The boat was completed shortly before the end of the war and was sold for scrap in 1923.

Design and description

The R-class submarine was designed to meet an Admiralty requirement for a specialised hunter-killer submarine with an emphasis on submerged performance. The boats had a length of 163feet overall, a beam of 15feet and a mean draft of 11feet. They displaced 410LT on the surface and 503LT submerged. The R-class submarines had a crew of 2 officers and 20 ratings.^[1] They had a diving depth of 150feet.^[2]

For surface running, the boats were powered by a single eight-cylinder,^[3] 2400NaN0 diesel engine that drove the single propeller shaft. When submerged it was driven by a 1200hp electric motor. They could reach 9.5kn on the surface and underwater. On the surface, the R class had a range of 2400nmi at and 60nmi at submerged.^[4]

The boats were armed with six 18-inch (45 cm) torpedo tubes in the bow. They carried six reload torpedoes for a grand total of a dozen torpedoes. They were equipped with an array of five hydrophones in the bow to allow them to locate and engage targets while submerged.^[4]

Construction and career

HMS R1 was laid down at Chatham Dockyard on 4 February 1917 and launched on 25 April 1918 by Lady Sturdee. The boat was commissioned on 14 October 1918.^[5] She came too late to see any combat in World War I, like most of the other R-class submarines.

R1 was listed as being part of the 14th Submarine Flotilla, part of the Grand Fleet, in January 1919.^[6] By March, she had transferred to the Fourth Submarine Flotilla,^[7] and remained part of that flotilla in August 1919.^[8] In November 1919, R1 was listed as allocated to join the material reserve at Portsmouth "later",^[9] and in January 1920, was listed as being at Portsmouth, but still awaiting transfer to the material reserve.^[10] In September 1921 she was towed from the Firth of Forth to Chatham Dockyard for preparation to be put into the material reserve at Gosport, where she arrived on 10 January 1922.^{[11] [12]} R1 was sold for scrap on 20 January 1923 to J. Smith, who also acquired R11 and R12.

References

• Book: Akermann, Paul. Encyclopaedia of British Submarines 1901–1955. repr. 2nd. 2002. 1989. Periscope Publishing. Penzance, Cornwall. 1-904381-05-7.
  • Book: Gardiner. Robert. Gray. Randal. Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. 1985. Annapolis, Maryland. Naval Institute Press. 0-85177-245-5. amp.
• Web site: The Development of HM Submarines From Holland No. 1 (1901) to Porpoise (1930) (BR3043). Harrison. A. N.. January 1979. RN Subs. 27 September 2022.

Notes and References

1. Gardiner & Gray, p. 93
2. Harrison, Chapter 19
3. Harrison, Chapter 25
4. Harrison, Chapter 10
5. Book: Colledge . J. J. . Ships of the Royal Navy: An Historical Index - Vol.1 . 1969 . David & Charles . Newton Abbot . 447.
6. Supplement to the Navy List Showing Organisation of the Fleet, Flag Officers' Commands, &c.: I.—The Grand Fleet: Submarine Flotillas of the Grand Fleet . The Navy List . January 1919 . 11. 3 June 2023 . National Library of Scotland.
7. Supplement to the Navy List Showing Organisation of the Fleet, Flag Officers' Commands, &c.: I.—The Grand Fleet: Submarines . The Navy List . March 1919 . 12. 3 June 2023 . National Library of Scotland.
8. II.—Home Fleet: Submarines . The Navy List . August 1919 . 702. 3 June 2023 . National Library of Scotland.
9. I.—Atlantic Fleet: Submarines . The Navy List . November 1919 . 702—3 . 5 June 2023 . National Library of Scotland.
10. II.—Local Defence and Training Establishments, Patrol Flotillas, etc.: Portsmouth . The Navy List . January 1920 . 704 . 5 June 2023 . National Library of Scotland.
11. News: Rough Passage . 4 June 2023 . Sheerness Guardian . 3263 . 24 September 1921 . 7. British Newspaper Archive.
12. News: The Material Reserve . 4 June 2023 . Evening News . 12807 . 11 January 1922 . Portsmouth . 7. British Newspaper Archive.