Raymond L. Garthoff Explained

Raymond Leonard Garthoff (March 26, 1929 – December 7, 2024) was an American politician and senior fellow at the Brookings Institution and a specialist on arms control, intelligence, the Cold War, NATO, and the former Soviet Union. He was a U.S. Ambassador to Bulgaria and has advised the U.S. State Department on treaties.^[1]

Life and career

In 1948, he received his B.A. from Princeton University. In 1949, he received his M.A. from Yale. From 1950 to 1957, he was a Soviet analyst for RAND Corporation. In 1951, he received his PhD from Yale. From 1957 to 1961, he was a CIA Office of National Estimates (ONE) analyst. In the early 1960s, he was a special assistant in the State Department. Beginning in 1969, he was involved in the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, as executive secretary of the U.S. delegation. In September 1970, he became a deputy director of the State Department's Bureau of Political-Military Affairs. As he later described it, he was "the regular Department representative on the verification panel working group, as it was called, the main working group for the SALT [I] preparations."

In the 1970s, he was a senior Foreign Service inspector. From 1980 to 1994, he was a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution.^{[2] [3]} He is the author of numerous scholarly papers, books, and has been featured in PBS documentaries.

He is well known for his disagreement with the 1976 characterization of Team B and Richard Pipes of Soviet nuclear doctrine.^[4] Garthoff died at a retirement community in Mitchellville, on December 7, 2024, at the age of 95.^[5]

Works

Articles

• News: https://web.archive.org/web/20120217134307/http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2000/0402russia_garthoff.aspx. 17 February 2012. Putin's Policies Promise Measured Change. Los Angeles Times. 2 April 2000.
• Garthoff, Raymond L. (1978). "On Estimating and Imputing Intentions". International Security. 2 (3): 22–32.
• Garthoff, R. L. (1977). Negotiating Salt. The Wilson Quarterly (1976-), 1(5), 76–85. Read online

Books

• Reflections on the Cuban Missile Crisis: Revised To Include New Revelations from Soviet & Cuban Sources (Revised) by Raymond Garthoff (Paperback - Jun 2, 1989)
• The Great Transition: American-Soviet Relations and the End of the Cold War. Raymond L. Garthoff The Brookings Institution, 1994, 834 pp. covers 1981 to 1991
• Détente and Confrontation: American-Soviet Relations from Nixon to Reagan by Raymond L. Garthoff (1985; revised 2nd ed. 1994) covers 1970-1980 online free to borrow
• Deterrence and the Revolution in Soviet Military Doctrine by Raymond L. Garthoff (1990)
• Soviet Military Policy; A Historical Analysis by Raymond L. Garthoff (Hardcover - 1966)
• Soviet Strategy in the Nuclear Age *Praeger Pubs. in Russian History and World Communism, No. 71 by Raymond L. Garthoff (Hardcover - 1958)
• Policy Versus the Law: The Reinterpretation of the Abm Treaty by Raymond L. Garthoff (Paperback - Oct 1987)
• Sino-Soviet Military Relations by Raymond L. Garthoff (Unknown Binding - 1966)
• A Journey Through the Cold War: A Memoir of Containment and Coexistence by Raymond L. Garthoff (Hardcover - Jun 30, 2001)
• Assessing the Adversary: Estimates by the Eisenhower Administration of Soviet Intentions and Capabilities (Brookings Occasional Papers) by Raymond L. Garthoff (Paperback - Sep 1991)
• Soviet Image of Future War by Raymond Garthoff (Hardcover - Jun 1959)
• Intelligence Assessment and Policymaking: A Decision Point in the Kennedy Administration by Raymond L. Garthoff (Paperback - Jul 1984)
• Science and Technology in Contemporary War **Praeger Pubs. in Russian History and World Communism, No.74** by MG G.I. (Raymond L. Garthoff, Translator/Annotator) Pokrovsky (Hardcover - 1959)
• The tragedy of Hungary: A revolution won and lost (P-984) by Raymond L Garthoff (Unknown Binding - 1956)
• The Soviet High Command and General Staff (P-684) by Raymond L Garthoff (Unknown Binding - 1955
• The new Soviet leadership Santa Monica, Calif. RAND Corp. by Raymond L Garthoff (Unknown Binding - 1953)

External sources

• GWU NSA Archive INTERVIEW WITH RAYMOND GARTHOFF-29.8.1996 accessed Dec 15, 2007
• Гартхофф Рэймонд Л. // Иванян Э. А. Энциклопедия российско-американских отношений. XVIII-XX века. — Москва: Международные отношения, 2001. — 696 с. — .

Notes and References

1. Web site: 22 June 1989 . The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project AMBASSADOR RAYMOND L. GARTHOFF . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20240717183649/https://adst.org/OH%20TOCs/Garthoff,%20Raymond%20L.toc.pdf . 17 July 2024 . 17 July 2024 . Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training.
2. Web site: https://web.archive.org/web/20110805224954/http://www.brookings.edu/experts/g/garthoffr.aspx. 5 August 2011. Garthoff Bio. Brookings Institution.
3. https://www.pbs.org/thinktank/bio_1138.html thinktank bio
4. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/reviews/review-essay/1995-01-01/misinterpreting-cold-war-hardliners-were-right Misinterpreting the Cold War: The Hardliners Were Right
5. Web site: Ray Garthoff Obituary December 7, 2024 . 2025-07-03 . Gasch's Funeral Home, P.A. . en.