Sarmentosin Explained

Sarmentosin is a glycoside and that is found in several plant species, notably Ribes nigrum (blackcurrants) and Sedum sarmentosum.^{[1] [2]}

Chemical structure

Sarmentosin has a molecular formula of C₁₁H₁₇NO₇ and a molecular weight of 275.25 g/mol. Its IUPAC name is (E)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxybut-2-enenitrile.^[3]

Sources

Sarmentosin can be extracted from plants in the Rhodiola genus and blackcurrants. Recent studies have specifically identified sarmentosin as a key bioactive compound in blackcurrants that contributes to its monoamine oxidase inhibitory effects.

Ecology

At least two Parnassius butterflies, Parnassius apollo and Parnassius smintheus, sequester sarmentosin and other hydroxynitrile glucosides in their bodies from the Sedum plants they eat.^[4]

Notes and References

1. Lomiwes . Dominic . Günther . Catrin S. . Bloor . Stephen J. . Trower . Tania M. . Ngametua . Nayer . Kanon . Alexander P. . Jensen . Dwayne A. . Lo . Kim . Sawyer . Greg . Walker . Edward G. . Hedderley . Duncan . Cooney . Janine M. . Identification of Sarmentosin as a Key Bioactive from Blackcurrants (Ribes nigrum) for Inhibiting Platelet Monoamine Oxidase in Humans . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry . 31 July 2024 . 72 . 30 . 16777–16789 . 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03802 . free . 39028868. 11299169 . 2024JAFC...7216777L .
2. Jiang . Zhitao . Yang . Xiang . Han . Yi . Li . Jie . Hu . Chen . Liu . Chundi . Xiao . Wei . Sarmentosin promotes USP17 and regulates Nrf2-mediated mitophagy and cellular oxidative stress to alleviate APAP-induced acute liver failure . Phytomedicine . September 2022 . 104 . 154337 . 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154337. 35849971 .
3. Web site: Sarmentosin . PubChem . NIH, National Library of Medicine . 20 December 2024 . en.
4. Bjarnholt . Nanna . Nakonieczny . Mirosław . Kędziorski . Andrzej . Debinski . Diane M. . Matter . Stephen F. . Olsen . Carl Erik . Zagrobelny . Mika . Occurrence of Sarmentosin and Other Hydroxynitrile Glucosides in Parnassius (Papilionidae) Butterflies and Their Food Plants . Journal of Chemical Ecology . May 2012 . 38 . 5 . 525–537 . 10.1007/s10886-012-0114-x. 22527055 . 2012JCEco..38..525B .