| Sepaku | |
| Settlement Type: | District |
| Mapframe: | yes |
| Mapframe-Zoom: | 9 |
| Pushpin Map: | Indonesia_East_Kalimantan#Indonesia_Kalimantan#Indonesia |
| Pushpin Label Position: | right |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location |
| Coordinates: | -0.9185°N 116.8345°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  Indonesia |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | East Kalimantan |
| Subdivision Type2: | Regency |
| Subdivision Name2: | Penajam North Paser |
| Established Title: | District creation |
| Established Date: | 11 June 1996 |
| Leader Title: | District head (Indonesian: Camat) |
| Leader Name: | Gamaliel Abimanyu Arliandito[1] |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Total Km2: | 1,172.36 |
| Population Total: | 41,677 |
| Population As Of: | 2024 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone: | ICT |
| Utc Offset: | +8 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 76146–76149 |
| Area Code Type: | Regional code |
| Area Code: | 64.09.04 |
| Blank Name: | Villages |
| Blank Info: | 15 |
| Seat Type: | District seat |
| Seat: | Tengin Baru |
Sepaku (pronounced as /id/) is a district of Penajam North Paser Regency, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. As of 2024, it was inhabited by 41,677 people,[2] an increase from 40,322 people in 2023 and 39,738 people in 2022, and currently has the total area of 1,172.36 km2.[3] It was split off from Penajam on 11 June 1996.[4] [5] Its district seat is located at the village of Tengin Baru.[3]
Sepaku is notable for being the site of the future national capital of Nusantara, although the local government claimed that only 10% to 20% of the current total area is being included.[6]
According to the website of the Sukaraja village, Sepaku (and also the eponymous urban village of Sepaku) is named after the abundance of ferns (Indonesian: paku) in that district.[7] [8]
Sepaku was originally inhabited by the Balik people (a subgroup of the Paser people), who migrated from neighbouring Balikpapan (Tanjung Gonggot).[9]
Before its establishment in its current form, Sepaku was known for being a destination for transmigrants, mostly of the Javanese ethnicity,[10] with the land established in 1968 by a gubernatorial decree. Its settlement started on 26 August 1975 at the village of Sepaku I (now Bukit Raya), and ended in 1984 at Semoi III (now Sukomulyo). Along with Penajam (then known as Balikpapan Seberang), it was part of Balikpapan until 1987.[5] Another transmigration programs occurred in 1991 and 1998.[10]
On 11 June 1996, following the enactment of the government regulation number 38, Sepaku was formed from the northern parts of Penajam, along with the formation of 12 others in East and North Kalimantan.[4] Its formation was inaugurated on 25 September 1996 by then East Kalimantan governor H. . On 5 March 1999, seven numbered villages were renamed by a gubernatorial decree, and only one (Semoi II or Semoi Dua) currently retains its name:[5]
Since 2002, Sepaku has been a part of Penajam North Paser (PPU), after it split from Paser Regency (then Pasir). Eight years later, on 14 April 2010, Binuang and Telemow villages were formed from parts of Maridan by local regulation number 6.[11] [12] Before being chosen for the site of the future Indonesian capital in 2019, there had been demands from the district to secede from PPU due to lags in development.[13]
Sepaku shares borders with West Balikpapan (Balikpapan) to southeast; West Samboja, Loa Janan, and Loa Kulu (Kutai Kartanegara) to the east and the north; Bongan (West Kutai) to the northwest; Long Kali (Paser) to the southwest; and Penajam to the south. The average elevation in Sepaku is 15 meters above sea level.[14]
As of 2019, dozens of rivers were listed in Sepaku:[15]
| River name | Villages | |
|---|---|---|
| Bentayan | Pemaluan | |
| Biangai | Bumi Harapan | |
| Daub | Mentawir | |
| Kali Wangi | Sukomulyo | |
| Kemantis | Mentawir | |
| Larung | Binuang and Pemaluan | |
| Mangkulio | Bukit Raya and Bumi Harapan | |
| Miyango | Karang Jinawi | |
| Muntayo | Argomulyo, Semoi Dua, and Wonosari | |
| Pemaluan | Binuang, Pemaluan, and Telemow | |
| Seluang | Sukaraja | |
| Semoi | Sukaraja | |
| Sepaku | Bukit Raya, Sukaraja, and Sepaku | |
| Sepinggan | Sukomulyo | |
| Tengin | Tengin Baru | |
| Trunen | Bumi Harapan and Pemaluan |
Sepaku is divided into the following 15 villages (the rest are rural Indonesian: desa, and 4 of them are urban Indonesian: kelurahan, marked with grey background):[3] [16]
| Regional code (Indonesian: Kode wilayah) | Name | Area (km2) | Population (2023) | Population (2022) | RW (Indonesian: rukun warga) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64.09.04.2001 | Tengin Baru (Sepaku III) | 43.48 | 4,306 | 4,245 | 5 | |
| 64.09.04.2002 | Bukit Raya (Sepaku I) | 185.34 | 3,119 | 3,049 | 2 | |
| 64.09.04.2003 | Sukaraja (Sepaku II) | 77.38 | 4,263 | 4,123 | 5 | |
| 64.09.04.2004 | Bumi Harapan (Sepaku IV) | 15.00 | 2,380 | 2,322 | 2 | |
| 64.09.04.1005 | Sepaku | 133.97 | 2,021 | 1,986 | ||
| 64.09.04.1006 | Pemaluan | 367.18 | 1,904 | 1,834 | ||
| 64.09.04.1007 | Maridan | 37.05 | 4,165 | 4,189 | ||
| 64.09.04.1008 | Mentawir | 132.24 | 777 | 740 | ||
| 64.09.04.2009 | Argomulyo (Semoi I) | 36.14 | 3,387 | 3,349 | 5 | |
| 64.09.04.2010 | Semoi Dua (Semoi II) | 74.47 | 3,407 | 3,386 | 4 | |
| 64.09.04.2011 | Sukomulyo (Semoi III) | 27.11 | 2,214 | 2,166 | 3 | |
| 64.09.04.2012 | Wonosari (Semoi IV) | 33.41 | 1,317 | 1,312 | 2 | |
| 64.09.04.2013 | Karang Jinawi | 13.85 | 1,163 | 1,128 | 2 | |
| 64.09.04.2014 | Telemow | 4.82 | 3,655 | 3,719 | 3 | |
| 64.09.04.2015 | Binuang | 17.65 | 2,244 | 2,190 | 2 | |
| Totals | 1,172.36 | 40,322 | 39,738 | 35 |
The following are the list of district heads (Indonesian: camat) of Sepaku:[5]
| Name | Took office | Left office | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Baharuddin | 1997 | 2000 | |
| 2 | Tasmad Hariady | 2000 | 2002 | |
| 3 | Hardani Har | 2002 | 2004 | |
| 4 | Suhardi | 2004 | 2005 | |
| 5 | Muhammad | 2005 | 2009 | |
| 6 | Nurzaman | 2009 | 2011 | |
| 7 | Daman | 2011 | 2013 | |
| 8 | Risman Abdul | 2013 | 20?? |
As of 2023, Sepaku was inhabited by 40,322 people (comprising 20,848 males and 19,474 females).[3]
As of 2023, by far the largest religious group in Sepaku were Muslims (36,461 people), followed by smaller minorities including Protestants (6,488 people), Catholics (1,007 people), Hindus (21 people), and Buddhists (8 people). Places of worships in Sepaku included 17 mosques, 30 small pray rooms (Indonesian: mushola), 24 Protestant churches, and a Catholic church.[16]
As of 2022/2023 school year, Sepaku had 15 private kindergartens, 29 elementary schools (4 of them were private), 8 junior high schools (3 were private), a Indonesian: madrasah tsanawiyah (an Islamic counterpart of the former), 2 senior high schools (each private and public), and a private Indonesian: madrasah aliyah (an Islamic counterpart of the former).[16] Notable schools at Sepaku include:
As of 2022, Sepaku had 4 public health centers (Indonesian: [[puskesmas]]), 2 pharmacies, and each one hospital and polyclinic.[3] The first hospital at the district, Sepaku Regional Public Hospital, was inaugurated on 5 August 2021 by the regional secretary of PPU, Muliadi, and it began to provide health services on 10 January 2022.[18] [19]
