This is a list of repositories used to store open science research outputs, which may include preprints, datasets, and journal publications with open content licenses.[1]
| Name | Discipline(s) | Description | Size | Created | Provider(s) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AIJR Preprints | Multidisciplinary | AIJR Preprints is an open-access Indian preprint repository which is indexed in Europe PMC[2] and listed in OpenDOAR[3] | >100 | 2020 | AIJR Publisher | |
| AAS Open Research | Multidisciplinary | At least one of the authors must be affiliated with the African Academy of Sciences | >100 | 2018 | African Academy of Sciences & F1000 Research Ltd | |
| AMRC Open Research | Medicine | At least one of the authors must be affiliated with AMRC member charities | <100 | 2019 | Association of Medical Research Charities & F1000 Research Ltd | |
| agriRxiv | Global preprint service for agriculture and allied sciences | >100 | 2017 | Open Access India & CAB International | ||
| APSA Preprints | Political science | Early research outputs in political science and related disciplines | >100 | 2019 | American Political Science Association & Cambridge University Press | |
| mp_arc | Mathematical physics | Main focus: mathematics, physics | >10,000 | University of Texas at Austin, Università Roma Tre, Universitat de Barcelona | ||
| arXiv[4] | Multidisciplinary | Main focus: mathematics, physics, astronomy, computer science, quantitative biology, statistics, quantitative finance and economics | >1,000,000[5] | 1991 | Cornell University | |
| AfricArXiv[6] | Multidisciplinary | Preprint server for interdisciplinary research in Africa | >100 | 2018 | Center for Open Science | |
| Arabixiv | Multidisciplinary | Arabic Preprint Server | >100 | 2018 | Center for Open Science | |
| ARPHA Preprints | Multidisciplinary | The submission systems limited to the participating ARPHA journals | <100 | 2020 | Pensoft Publishers | |
| Authorea[7] | Multidisciplinary | A collaborative writing platform that can be used as preprint server | >10,000 | 2013 | Atypon | |
| Beilstein Archives | Multidisciplinary | Preprint server for Beilstein journals | >100 | 2019 | Beilstein Institut | |
| BioHackrXiv | Life Sciences | Preprint server to report on works done during BioHackathons, CodeFests, Sprints or similar events | >100[8] | 2020 | Center for Open Science | |
| bioRxiv[9] | Biology | Open access preprint repository for the biological sciences | >100,000[10] | 2013 | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory | |
| Medieval Studies | Open Repository for Medieval Studies | <100 | 2019 | ScholarlyHub & Center for Open Science | ||
| Cell Sneak Peek | Biology | Manuscript under review in Cell Press journals | >1,000 | 2018 | Elsevier | |
| ChemRxiv[11] | Chemistry | Open access preprint archive for chemistry | >10,000 | 2017 | American Chemical Society, Royal Society of Chemistry & German Chemical Society | |
| ChinaXiv | Multidisciplinary | Preprint server for interdisciplinary research in China | >10,000 | 2016 | National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences | |
| CogPrints | Multidisciplinary | Psychology, Neuroscience, Linguistics, Computer Science, Philosophy, and Biology | >1,000 | University of Southampton | ||
| CrimRxiv | Criminology | Criminology's open archive | >100 | 2020 | University of Manchester | |
| Cryptology ePrint Archive | Cryptography | Open access preprint archive for cryptography | >1,000 | 1996 | International Association for Cryptologic Research | |
| EarthArXiv[12] | Earth science | All subdomains of Earth Science and related domains of planetary science | >1,000 | 2017 | California Digital Library | |
| EcoEvoRxiv | Ecology | A free preprint service for ecology, evolution and conservation | >100 | 2018 | Center for Open Science | |
| EconStor | Economics and Business Studies | A subject based repository with a high share of working papers (preprints) | >100,000 | 2009 | ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics | |
| ECSarXiv | A free preprint service for electrochemistry and solid state science and technology | >100 | 2018 | Center for Open Science | ||
| EdArXiv | A Preprint Server For The Education Research Community | >100 | 2019 | Center for Open Science | ||
| engrXiv[13] | Engineering | Open archive of engineering preprints | >1,000 | 2016 | Open Engineering Inc | |
| ESSOAr | Earth science | Earth and space science preprints and conference posters | >1,000 | 2018 | American Geophysical Union, Atypon, & Wiley | |
| Eyexiv | The Eye Open Repository, Preprints for ophthalmology, optometry, and vision science | >100 | 2022 | International Virtual Ophthalmic Research Center | ||
| E-LIS | Library science | Eprints in Library and Information Science | >10,000 | 2003 | E-LIS Governance & CIEPI | |
| F1000 Research | Life Sciences | Preprint server with integrated option of peer review by invited experts, suggested by the authors, done openly after publication | >1,000 | 2012 | F1000 Research Ltd | |
| figshare | Multidisciplinary | Open content repository | unknown | 2011 | Springer Nature | |
| FocUS Archive | Ultrasound research | A free preprint service for the focused ultrasound research community | <100 | 2018 | Center for Open Science | |
| Frenxiv | Multidisciplinary | French server for preprints. Closed. | >100 | Center for Open Science | ||
| Gates Open Research | Multidisciplinary | A platform for rapid author-led publication and open peer review of research funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | >100 | 2017 | Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | |
| HAL[14] | Multidisciplinary | Open archive for scholarly documents from all academic fields | >1,000,000 | 2001 | Centre pour la communication scientifique directe | |
| HRB Open Research | Medicine | A preprint platform for HRB-funded researchers | >100 | 2018 | Health Research Board & F1000 Research Ltd. | |
| hprints | Arts and humanities | Nordic Arts and Humanities and Social Sciences Open Access repository | >100 | 2008 | French National Centre for Scientific Research & Nordbib | |
| Multidisciplinary | Preprint server for interdisciplinary research in Indonesia | >10,000 | [15] | Center for Open Science | ||
| IndiaRxiv | Multidisciplinary | Preprint server for interdisciplinary research in India | >100 | 2019 | Open Access India, Center for Open Science & Society for Promotion of Horticulture | |
| Jxiv | Multidisciplinary | Preprint server in Japan[16] | >100 | 2022 | Japan Science and Technology Agency | |
| JMIR Preprints | Medicine | Preprint server by publisher JMIR Publications mainly for open review of JMIR submissions | >100[17] | 2009[18] | JMIR Publications | |
| LatArXiv Preprints | Multidisciplinary | Preprint repository focused on early dissemination and citation of research primarily in the Latin American context. | >100 | 2024[19] | Paideia Publishing Services | |
| Law | Archive for legal research | >1,000 | Center for Open Science | |||
| LISSA | Library science | Library and Information Sciences Scholarship Archive | >100 | 2018 | Center for Open Science | |
| Linguistics | Preprint server for linguistics, covering phonology, semantics, syntax, morphology, and diachronic linguistics | >10,000 | 2004(?) | University of Tromsø | ||
| MarXiv | Marine science | Repository for ocean and marine-climate science. Closed. | >100 | Center for Open Science | ||
| Communication sciences | Preprints for media, film, and communication research | >100 | 2019 | Center for Open Science | ||
| medRxiv[20] | Medicine | Open access preprint archive for medicine | >10,000[21] | 2019 | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory | |
| MetaArXiv | Multidisciplinary | Focused on improving research transparency and reproducibility | >100[22] | 2018 | Center for Open Science | |
| MindRxiv | Multidisciplinary | Preprints on mind and contemplative practices | >100 | 2018 | Center for Open Science | |
| Nature Precedings | Multidisciplinary | Preprint repository of scholarly work in the fields of biomedical sciences, chemistry, and earth sciences | >1,000 | Nature Publishing Group | ||
| NutriXiv | Nutritional sciences | Preprint service for the nutritional sciences | <100 | 2018 | Center for Open Science | |
| Optimization Online | Mathematics | Eprint repository for optimization topics | >10,000 | 2000 | Mathematical Optimization Society & Wisconsin institute | |
| OSF Preprints | Multidisciplinary | Aggregates over 30 preprint servers (all from COS plus other like arXiv, bioRxiv, etc.). Number of native OSF Preprints documents: 25,114. | >1,000,000 | 2017 | Center for Open Science | |
| PaleorXiv[23] | Paleontology | Preprint server for paleontology | >100 | 2017 | Center for Open Science | |
| PeerJ PrePrints[24] | Biology, medicine | Initially, developed as preprint server for PeerJ submissions. Closed Sep 30th 2019. | >1,000 | O'Reilly Media & SAGE Publishing | ||
| PhilArchive | Philosophy | A preprint archive for philosophy affiliated with PhilPapers | >10,000 | 2009 | PhilPapers Foundation | |
| PhilSci-Archive | Philosophy of science | An archive for preprints in philosophy of science | >10,000 | 2001 | D-Scribe Digital Publishing | |
| Preprints with The Lancet | Medicine | Preprints available via SSRN | >1,000 | 2018 | ||
| Preprints.org | Multidisciplinary | Preprint server for interdisciplinary research governed by MDPI | >10,000[25] | 2016 | ||
| Preprints.ru | Multidisciplinary | Preprint server for interdisciplinary research in Russia | >100 | 2019 | NEICON | |
| PsyArXiv[26] | Psychology | Open access preprint archive for psychology | >10,000[27] | 2016 | ||
| Qeios[28] | Multidisciplinary | Open access, open peer review scientific publishing platform | >1000 | 2019 | Qeios | |
| RePEc | Economics | Research in economics | >1,000,000 | 1997 | Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis | |
| Research Square | Multidisciplinary | Preprint server plus editing (commercial) | >100,000[29] | 2018 | Research Square R&D LLC | |
| Rutgers Optimality Archive | Linguistics | A distribution point for research in Optimality Theory and its conceptual affiliates | >1,000 | 1993 | School of Arts and Sciences at Rutgers University | |
| SciELO Preprints | Multidisciplinary | Interdisciplinary research for Latin America, Iberian Peninsula, South Africa | >10,000 | 2020 | SciELO | |
| ScienceOpen | Multidisciplinary | A research and discovery network allowing scholars with at least 5 publications to freely review preprints. | >1,000,000 | 2013 | ScienceOpen | |
| SocArXiv | Social science | Open archive of the social sciences | >10,000[30] | 2016 | Center for Open Science | |
| SportRxiv | Sports science | Repository dedicated to sport and exercise related research | >100 | 2017 | Center for Open Science | |
| SSRN (First Look) | Multidisciplinary | Aggregates over 30 preprint servers (Preprints with The Lancet, Cell Sneak Peek, etc.). More than 55 disciplines. Initially funded by SSRN in 1994, bought in 2016 by Elsevier. | >1,000,000 | 1994 | Elsevier | |
| TechRxiv | Engineering | Preprints in Technology Research | >10,000 | 2020 | ||
| ViXra[31] | Multidisciplinary | Mainly physics and mathematics, but also other. An alternative to arXiv. Well-known for also having many unorthodox papers and also fringe science. | >10,000 | 2009 | Scientific God Inc. | |
| Wellcome Open Research | Multidisciplinary | At least one of the authors must be a Wellcome researcher | >100 | 2017 | Wellcome Trust | |
| WikiJournal Preprints | Multidisciplinary | Preprint repository of scholarly work in a MediaWiki format | <100 | 2017 | WikiJournal User Group | |
| Zenodo | Multidisciplinary | Preprint repository of scholarly work | >100,000 | 2011 | OpenAIRE / CERN | |
| Synthical[32] | Multidisciplinary | >1,000,000[33] | 2023 | Synthical |
