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Elpidite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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06982060017271922605461.jpg
Elpidite

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
04202550017271922632317.jpg
Elpidite

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
03215000017271922669333.jpg
Elpidite

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
06982060017271922605461.jpg
Elpidite

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
04202550017271922632317.jpg
Elpidite

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
03215000017271922669333.jpg
Elpidite

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
06982060017271922605461.jpg
Elpidite

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
04202550017271922632317.jpg
Elpidite

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
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About ElpiditeHide

Formula:
Na2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2O
Colour:
Colorless, white, gray, yellowish, orange, brown, beige
Lustre:
Vitreous, Waxy, Silky, Dull
Hardness:
5
Specific Gravity:
2.52 - 2.62
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
The name derives from the Greek word for hope, representing the hope that other interesting minerals would be found at the type locality.
Dimorph of:
Yusupovite
A highly hydrated variety, bearing large admixture of hydronium ions, is known (Zubkova et al. 2021).


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
1370
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1370:9

IMA Classification of ElpiditeHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Na2Zr4+Si6O15·3H2O
First published:
1894
Type description reference:
Lindström, G. (1894) Elpidit, ett nytt mineral frÄn Igaliko, Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 16, 330-335.

Classification of ElpiditeHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
9.DG.65

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
G : Inosilicates with 3-periodic single and multiple chains
Dana 8th ed.:
72.5.4.2

72 : PHYLLOSILICATES Two-Dimensional Infinite Sheets with Other Than Six-Membered Rings
5 : Two-Dimensional Infinite Sheets with Other Than Six-Membered Rings with corrugated and complex layers
Hey's CIM Ref.:
14.10.9

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
10 : Silicates of Zr or Hf

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
EpdIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Pronunciation of ElpiditeHide

Pronunciation:
PlayRecorded byCountry
Jolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of ElpiditeHide

Lustre:
Vitreous, Waxy, Silky, Dull
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent, Opaque
Colour:
Colorless, white, gray, yellowish, orange, brown, beige
Hardness:
5 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {110}
Fracture:
Splintery
Density:
2.52 - 2.62 g/cm3 (Measured)    2.59 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of ElpiditeHide

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.56 nβ = 1.565 - 1.569 nγ = 1.574
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.014
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 ”m thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.

Surface Relief:
Moderate (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).

This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure - the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are isogyres.

Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.

No measured or calculated 2V is on file for this mineral, so the value used here (90°) is estimated from its recorded refractive indices and optic sign, not from a direct 2V measurement.
Dispersion:
r < v moderate
Optical Extinction:
X = c; Y = b; Z = a.

Chemistry of ElpiditeHide

Mindat Formula:
Na2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2O
Element Weights:
Element% weight
O48.018 %
Si28.097 %
Zr15.210 %
Na7.666 %
H1.008 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
O
Si
Zr
Na
H
Elements listed:
H, Na, O, Si, Zr - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Ti,Nb,Ca,K,F,Cl

Crystallography of ElpiditeHide

Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.29 Å, b = 14.3 Å, c = 7.03 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.51 : 1 : 0.492
Unit Cell V:
732.86 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Comment:
Space group of the hydrated (H3O)-bearing) variety is Pma2

Crystallographic forms of ElpiditeHide

Crystal Atlas:
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Elpidite no.3 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
View 3D crystal model
Elpidite no.5 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by www.smorf.nl.

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Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0000303ElpiditeCannillo E, Rossi G, Ungaretti L (1973) The crystal structure of elpidite American Mineralogist 58 106-10919730293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Loading XRD data...
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.26 Å(100)
3.12 Å(70)
1.945 Å(70)
1.759 Å(70)
1.590 Å(70)
1.352 Å(70)
1.492 Å(60)
Comments:
NarssĂąrssuk pegmatite, Greenland.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks>3.0
34 : Complex granite pegmatites
35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks

Type Occurrence of ElpiditeHide

Other Language Names for ElpiditeHide

Varieties of ElpiditeHide

Calcium-bearing ElpiditeHigh-temperature elpidite of magmatic origin typical for agpaitic granites. Usually enriched in Ca; has orange colour in difference from secondary hydrothermal low-temperature elpidites from nepheline-syenites.

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
82 photos of Elpidite associated with AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
80 photos of Elpidite associated with AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
69 photos of Elpidite associated with RhodochrositeMnCO3
57 photos of Elpidite associated with MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
37 photos of Elpidite associated with FluoriteCaF2
31 photos of Elpidite associated with CalciteCaCO3
28 photos of Elpidite associated with CatapleiiteNa2Zr(Si3O9) · 2H2O
28 photos of Elpidite associated with Nenadkevichite(Na,◻)8Nb4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 8H2O
27 photos of Elpidite associated with QuartzSiO2
24 photos of Elpidite associated with Leifite(Na,H2O)Na6[Be2Al2(Al,Si)Si15O39]F2

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

9.DG.Barrydawsonite-(Y)Na1.5Y0.5CaSi3O8(OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.DG.ParatobermoriteCa5AlSi5O16(OH) · 5H2OMon. 2/m
9.DG.CalcinaksiteKNaCa(Si4O10) · H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.DG.AlvesiteNaKZrSi6O15 · 2H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
9.DG.02SteedeiteNaMn2[Si3BO9](OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.02NolzeiteNaMn2[Si3BO9](OH)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05MurakamiiteLiCa2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05SeranditeNaMn2+2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05BustamiteCaMn2+(Si2O6)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05TanohataiteLiMn2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05DalnegorskiteCa5Mn2+(Si3O9)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05'Wollastonite-1A'CaSiO3Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05FerrobustamiteCaFe2+(Si2O6)Tric. 1
9.DG.05SchizoliteNaCaMnSi3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.07CascanditeCaScSi3O8(OH)Tric. 1
9.DG.08PlombiÚriteCa5Si6O16(OH)2 · 7H2OOrth.
9.DG.10ClinotobermoriteCa5Si6O17 · 5H2OMon.
9.DG.10RiversideiteCa5Si6O16(OH)2 · 2H2O Orth.
9.DG.10TobermoriteCa5Si6O17 · 5H2OMon. 2 : P21
9.DG.12JusiteNa2Ca15Al4Si16O54 · 17H2O
9.DG.12KenotobermoriteCa4Si6O15(OH)2 · 5H2OMon.
9.DG.15FoshagiteCa4(Si3O9)(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.20JenniteCa9(Si3O9)2(OH)8 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.DG.20KameneviteK2TiSi3O9 · H2OOrth. 222 : P212121
9.DG.25ParaumbiteK3Zr2H(Si3O9)2 · nH2OOrth. mm2
9.DG.25UmbiteK2(Zr,Ti)Si3O9 · H2OOrth. 222 : P212121
9.DG.30SĂžrenseniteNa4SnBe2Si6O16(OH)4Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.DG.32Escheite Ca2NaMnTi5[Si12O34]O2(OH)3 · 12H2OOrth. mm2 : Ama2
9.DG.35XonotliteCa6(Si6O17)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DG.40HillebranditeCa2(SiO3)(OH)2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm
9.DG.45ZoriteNa8(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,O)5 · 14H2OOrth.
9.DG.45ChivruaiiteCa4(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,O)5 · 13-14H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmmm
9.DG.50Haineaultite(Na,Ca)5Ca(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,F)8 · 5H2OOrth. 222 : C222
9.DG.55EpididymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
9.DG.60EudidymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
9.DG.65PatyniteNaKCa4[Si9O23]Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.67WhelaniteCu2+2Ca6[Si6O17(OH)](CO3)(OH)3 · 2H2OOrth. mm2 : Pnn2
9.DG.70EnricofrancoiteKNaCaSi4O10Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.70YusupoviteNa2Zr(Si6O15) · 2.5H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DG.70LitidioniteKNaCuSi4O10Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.70Fenaksite(K,Na)4(Fe,Mn)2(Si4O10)2(OH,F)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.70ManaksiteKNaMnSi4O10Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.75SenkevichiteCsKNaCa2TiO[Si7O18](OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.75TinaksiteK2Na(Ca,Mn2+)2TiO[Si7O18(OH)]Tric.
9.DG.75TokkoiteK2Ca4[Si7O18(OH)](OH,F)Tric.
9.DG.80FluorcanasiteK3Na3Ca5Si12O30F4 · H2OMon. m : Bm
9.DG.80CanasiteK3Na3Ca5Si12O30(OH)4Mon. m : Bm
9.DG.85MiseriteK1.5-x(Ca,Y,REE)5(Si6O15)(Si2O7)(OH,F)2 · yH2OTric.
9.DG.90FrankameniteK3Na3Ca5(Si12O30)(F,OH)4 · H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.DG.92Charoite(K,Sr)15-16(Ca,Na)32[Si6O11(O,OH)6]2[Si12O18(O,OH)12]2[Si17O25(O,OH)18]2(OH,F)4 · ~3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
9.DG.95YuksporiteK4(Ca,Na)14(Sr,Ba)2(◻,Mn,Fe)(Ti,Nb)4(O,OH)4(Si6O17)2(Si2O7)3(H2O,OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.DG.97Eveslogite(Na,K,Ca,Sr,Ba)48 [(Ti,Nb,Mn,Fe2+)12Si48O144(OH)12](F,OH,Cl)14Mon. 2/m : P2/m

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for ElpiditeHide

References for ElpiditeHide

Reference List:
Lindström, G. (1894) Elpidit, ett nytt mineral frÄn Igaliko, Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 16, 330-335.
Neronova, N.N., Belov, N.V. (1964) Crystal structure of elpidite, Na2Zr[Si6O15]·3H2O. Soviet Physics - Crystallography: 9: 700-705.
Chao, G. Y. (1967) Leucophanite, elpidite, and narsarsukite from the Desourdy quarry, Mont St. Hilaire, Quebec. The Canadian Mineralogist, 9 (2).
Cannillo, Elio, Rossi, Guiseppe, Ungaretti, Luciano (1973) The crystal structure of elpidite. American Mineralogist, 58 (1-2) 106-109
Sapozhnikov, A.N., Kashaev, A.A. (1978) Features of the crystal structure of calcium-containing elpidite. Kristallografiya (Sov. Phys. Crystal.): 23: 52-65. (in Russian)
Currie, K. L., Zaleski, E. (1985) The relative stability of elpidite and vlasovite: a P-T indicator for peralkaline rocks. The Canadian Mineralogist, 23 (4) 577-582
(2001) Elpidite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America
Merlino, Stefano, Bonaccorsi, Elena (2008) Double wollastonite chains: topological/conformational varieties, polytypic forms, isotypic compounds. Zeitschrift fĂŒr Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 223 (1-2). 85-97 doi:10.1524/zkri.2008.0006
Grigor’eva, A. A., Zubkova, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Kolitsch, U., Pushcharovsky, D. Yu., Vigasina, M. F., Giester, G., Dordević, T., Tillmanns, E., Chukanov, N. V. (2011) Crystal chemistry of elpidite from Khan Bogdo (Mongolia) and its K- and Rb-exchanged forms. Crystallography Reports, 56 (5) 832-841 doi:10.1134/s1063774511050117
Nedel’ko, V. V., Chukanov, N. V., Pekov, I. V. (2011) Dehydration kinetics of the microporous zirconosilicate elpidite. Inorganic Materials, 47 (5) 502-505 doi:10.1134/s0020168511050165
Zubkova, N. V., Ksenofontov, D. A., Kabalov, Yu. K., Chukanov, N. V., Nedel’ko, V. V., Pekov, I. V., Pushcharovsky, D. Yu. (2011) Dehydration-induced structural transformations of the microporous zirconosilicate elpidite. Inorganic Materials, 47 (5) 506-512 doi:10.1134/s0020168511050232
Grice, Joel D., Rowe, Ralph, Poirier, Glenn (2015) Hydroterskite: A New Mineral Species From the Saint-Amable Sill, Quebec, and A Comparison With Terskite and Elpidite. The Canadian Mineralogist, 53 (5) 821-832 doi:10.3749/canmin.1400105
Cametti, Georgia, Armbruster, Thomas, Nagashima, Mariko (2016) Dehydration and thermal stability of elpidite: An in-situ single crystal X-ray diffraction study. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 227. 81-87 doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2016.02.049
Zubkova, Natalia V., Pekov, Igor V., Chukanov, Nikita V., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Turchkova, Anna G., Larikova, Tatiana S., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2021) A highly hydrated variety of elpidite from the Khibiny alkaline complex, Kola Peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 85 (4) 627-633 doi:10.1180/mgm.2020.96

Localities for ElpiditeHide

Showing 82 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia
 
  • New South Wales
    • Mootwingee Co.
Johns-Mead et al. (2024)
Brazil
 
  • Minas Gerais
Gomes et al. (2023)
  • ParanĂĄ
    • Tijucas do Sul
      • Morro Redondo complex
Grangeiro et al. (2025)
  • RondĂŽnia
    • Costa Marques
Buch (2018)
Canada
 
  • Ontario
    • Thunder Bay District
McLaughlin (1990)
  • QuĂ©bec
    • MontĂ©rĂ©gie
      • La VallĂ©e-du-Richelieu RCM
        • Mont Saint-Hilaire
Chao (1967) +4 other references
      • Lajemmerais RCM
        • Varennes & St-Amable
HorvĂĄth et al. (1998)
HorvĂĄth et al. (1998)
    • MontrĂ©al
176-178. +2 other references
      • MontrĂ©al-Est
Canadian Museum of Nature collection
[var: Calcium-bearing Elpidite] Birkett et al. (1992) +2 other references
China
 
  • Inner Mongolia
    • Tongliao City (Tongliao Prefecture)
      • Jarud Banner (Zalute Co.)
Wu et al. (2021) +1 other reference
Egypt
 
  • Red Sea Governorate
Stern et al. (1985) +3 other references
France
 
  • Corsica
    • Corse-du-Sud
      • Ajaccio
        • Cristinacce
l'exemple de l'association du Vieux Pont d'Ota. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France (4) +5 other references
  • RĂ©union
    • Cilaos
JV COUREAU collection - Georges FAVREAU ...
Greenland (TL)
 
  • Kujalleq
    • Igaliku
      • Narsaarsuk Plateau
Lindström (1894) +1 other reference
Petersen et al. (1993) +2 other references
India
 
  • Rajasthan
    • Jodhpur Division
      • Barmer District
        • Malani Igneous Province
Mondal et al. (2021)
Kazakhstan
 
  • Abai Region
    • Tarbagatai Range
      • Akzhaylyautas Mts (Akzhailyautas Mts; Akjaylautas Mts; Akzhalautas Mts)
[var: Calcium-bearing Elpidite] Mineev D.A. (1968)
  • East Kazakhstan Region
Malawi
 
  • Southern Region
    • Zomba
Mongolia
 
  • Dornogovi Province
    • Khatanbulag District
Kynicky et al. (2018)
  • Khovd Province
    • Myangad District
[var: Calcium-bearing Elpidite] Kovalenko et al. (1995) +1 other reference
Kovalenko et al. (1995) +5 other references
  • Ömnögovi Province
    • Khanbogd District
[var: Calcium-bearing Elpidite] Vladykin N.V. et al. (1981) +4 other references
Jindrich Kynicky
  • Uvs Province
    • Zavkhan District
Dostal et al. (2022)
Morocco
 
  • DrĂąa-Tafilalet Region
    • Midelt Province
      • Midelt Cercle
        • AĂŻt Oufella CaĂŻdat
          • Amersid
Khadem Allah (1993)
Norway
 
  • Akershus
    • Lunner
[var: Calcium-bearing Elpidite] Raade et al. (1982) +1 other reference
    • Nittedal
Kvamsdal (2018)
  • Oslo
    • Oslomarka
Kvamsdal (2018)
Raade (1972)
  • Vestfold
    • FĂŠrder
      • FĂŠrder Islands
Andersen (2017)
Alf Olav Larsen communication to Svein ...
    • Larvik Commune
      • Hedrum
Larsen et al. (2009)
      • Stavern (FredriksvĂ€rn)
        • Jahren pegmatite
Andresen et al. (2018)
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
    • Sandefjord
      • ØsterĂžya
Berge et al. (2002)
      • VesterĂžya
Berge et al. (2011)
Berge (n.d.) +1 other reference
Engvoldsen et al. (1991) +1 other reference
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
Raade et al. (1980)
Poland
 
  • Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
    • EƂk County
Armbrustmacher et al. (1994) +6 other references
Portugal
 
  • Azores
    • SĂŁo Miguel
Samples collected by Luigi Chiappino ... +1 other reference
      • Ribeira Grande
Luigi Chippiano collection (2013)
Russia
 
  • Aldan Shield
    • Chara and Tokko Rivers Confluence
Konev et al. (1993)
  • Buryatia
    • Mama River Basin
      • Maigunda River
Vladykin et al. (2017)
  • Murmansk Oblast
    • Kovdorsky District
Mikhailova et al. (2015)
    • Kukisvumchorr Mt
      • Kirovskii apatite mine
        • 252 m level
Pekov (2003)
    • Lovozersky District
Pekov (1998)
Kartashov et al. (2006)
Pekov (1998) +3 other references
Pekov et al. (1999) +2 other references
Pekov et al. (2004) +1 other reference
      • Keivy Mountains
Macdonald et al. (2022)
Ivanyuk et al. (2006)
      • Kuftnyun Mountain
Pekov (1998)
[World of Stones 95:5-6
Đ„ĐŸĐŒŃĐșĐŸĐČ Đ.П. et al. (1981)
Saudi Arabia
 
  • Ha'il Region
Stoeser et al. (1985) +1 other reference
Spain
 
  • Canary Islands
    • Santa Cruz de Tenerife Province
      • Tenerife
        • Arona
Dill et al. (2023)
UK
 
  • Scotland
    • Outer Hebrides
Judd +9 other references
Young et al. (1978)
USA
 
  • Arkansas
    • Hot Spring County
      • Magnet Cove
Smith (1988)
Henry Barwood - unpublished (2010)
arkansas minerals Collection
Tank (1972) +3 other references
  • New Mexico
    • Otero County
      • Cornudas Mountains
Michael C Michayluk Collection
Northrop et al. (1996)
  • North Carolina
Smithsonian Institution Mineral ...
  • Utah
    • Uintah County
      • Uteland Knoll Mining District (Ouray Mining District)
        • Ouray
Milton (1977)
  • Washington
    • Okanogan County
      • Golden Horn Batholith
[var: Calcium-bearing Elpidite] Micro Probe Volume VI Number 8 +1 other reference
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