Thorogummite
A variety of Thorite
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About Thorogummite
Formula:
(Th,U)(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x
Colour:
Pale-yellow, yellow, yellow-brown, yellow-green, black
Lustre:
Resinous, Waxy, Dull, Earthy
Hardness:
5½
Specific Gravity:
4.49
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Name:
Named for its thorium content and Latin "gummi", gum, alluding to its gum-like appearance.
First Recorded Locality:
Discredited as a valid species in 2014 (IMA14-B). This name has also been used to describe heterogeneous mixtures of secondary, non-crystalline minerals, produced by the alteration, hydration, or metamictization of thorite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3948 (as Thorogummite)
3946 (as Thorite)
3946 (as Thorite)
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3948:8 (as Thorogummite)
mindat:1:1:3946:4 (as Thorite)
mindat:1:1:3946:4 (as Thorite)
IMA Classification of Thorogummite
Discredited
Classification of Thorogummite
51.5.2.5
51 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups Only
5 : Insular SiO4 Groups Only with cations in >[6] coordination
51 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups Only
5 : Insular SiO4 Groups Only with cations in >[6] coordination
Pronunciation of Thorogummite
Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Thorogummite
Resinous, Waxy, Dull, Earthy
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Pale-yellow, yellow, yellow-brown, yellow-green, black
Streak:
White
Hardness:
5½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Comment:
May be waxy
Density:
4.49 g/cm3 (Measured) 5.75 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Chemistry of Thorogummite
Mindat Formula:
(Th,U)(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x
Common Impurities:
U,Al,Fe,Pb,Mg,Ca,H2O,P,C
Crystallography of Thorogummite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.068 Å, c = 6.260 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.886
Unit Cell V:
312.73 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Short tetragonal prisms with pyramidal termination
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.7 Å | (90) |
| 3.53 Å | (100) |
| 2.821 Å | (40) |
| 2.653 Å | (60) |
| 2.499 Å | (30) |
| 2.336 Å | (5) |
| 2.203 Å | (40) |
| 2.000 Å | (40) |
| 1.869 Å | (30) |
| 1.818 Å | (60) |
| 1.767 Å | (10) |
| 1.740 Å | (10) |
| 1.653 Å | (10) |
| 1.582 Å | (10) |
| 1.565 Å | (10) |
| 1.469 Å | (20) |
| 1.431 Å | (30) |
| 1.379 Å | (20) |
| 1.326 Å | (30) |
| 1.267 Å | (20) |
| 1.172 Å | (40) |
| 1.130 Å | (10) |
| 1.112 Å | (20) |
| 1.088 Å | (5) |
| 1.055 Å | (5) |
| 1.039 Å | (5) |
| 1.021 Å | (10) |
| 0.976 Å | (30) |
| 0.953 Å | (20) |
| 0.908 Å | (30) |
| 0.888 Å | (1) |
| 0.833 Å | (1) |
| 0.807 Å | (1) |
| 0.791 Å | (1) |
Comments:
ICDD 8-440
First Recorded Occurrence of Thorogummite
Synonyms of Thorogummite
Other Language Names for Thorogummite
Simplified Chinese:水钍石
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 17 photos of Thorogummite associated with Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
| 11 photos of Thorogummite associated with Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| 11 photos of Thorogummite associated with 'Thorian Uraninite' | (U,Th)O2 |
| 11 photos of Thorogummite associated with Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| 10 photos of Thorogummite associated with Wölsendorfite | Pb7(UO2)14O19(OH)4 · 12H2O |
| 9 photos of Thorogummite associated with Monazite-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) |
| 7 photos of Thorogummite associated with Yttrocrasite-(Y) | (Y,Th,Ca,U)(Ti,Fe)2(O,OH)6 |
| 5 photos of Thorogummite associated with Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| 5 photos of Thorogummite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 3 photos of Thorogummite associated with Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
Fluorescence of Thorogummite
Not fluorescent in UV
Other Information
Health Risks:
Contains thorium and uranium - always wash hands after handling. Avoid inhaling dust when handling or breaking. Never lick or ingest. Avoid prolonged exposure in proximity of the body. Store away from inhabited areas.
Internet Links for Thorogummite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3948.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Thorogummite
Localities for Thorogummite
Showing 144 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| O. Haluska (1975) |
| O. Haluska (1975) | |
| O. Haluska (1975) |
| Victorio Angellelli (1958) |
| Victorio Angellelli (1958) | |
| Victorio Angellelli (1958) | |
| Victorio Angellelli (1958) | |
| Victorio Angellelli (1958) | |
| O. Haluska (1975) |
| O. Haluska (1975) | |
Australia | |
| Anenburg et al. (2018) |
| Bottrill et al. (2024) |
| Mercer |
| Rugless et al. (1996) | |
| Calderwood +2 other references |
| Jacobson et al. (2007) +2 other references |
| Simpson (1928) | |
Brazil | |
| Baretto & Fujimori (1986) +1 other reference |
| Gomes et al. (2023) | |
Canada | |
| Paul (1984) |
| Sabina (1986) |
| www.geologyontario.mndm.gov.on.ca (n.d.) |
| ontariominerals.com |
| Potter et al. (2005) |
| Hogarth et al. (1974) +1 other reference |
| Hogarth et al. (1982) | |
| Perrault et al. (1982) |
| Szymański et al. (1982) | |
China | |
| Rengui Wu and Dagan Yu (2000) |
Czech Republic | |
| GOLIÁŠ (2002) |
| Novák et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
| Škoda et al. (2006) |
| Filip et al. (2002) |
| Pauliš P. et al. (Kutna Hora, issue 1) |
Egypt | |
| Abd El-Naby (2009) |
| 52 (2) +1 other reference |
Germany | |
| Lorenz (1998) +1 other reference |
Greenland | |
| Petersen et al. (1993) |
Iran | |
| Iranmanesh et al. (2018) |
Italy | |
| Cuchet et al. (2014) |
| Orlandi et al. (1989) +3 other references |
| Orlandi et al. (1989) +3 other references |
Japan | |
| - (n.d.) |
| Nagashima et al. (1971) |
| SUENO et al. (2002) |
| Introduction to Japanese Minerals (Geological Survey of Japan, 1970) | |
| Matsubara et al. (2013) |
| ex-Okamoto collection (2015) |
| Petrov (n.d.) |
| - (n.d.) |
| Yamada (2004) |
Kyrgyzstan | |
| Topper et al. (2013) |
Madagascar | |
| Arliguie Michel photo and collection ... |
| Besaire (1966) | |
| Besaire (1966) | |
| Besaire (1966) | |
| Behier (1963) |
| Behier (1963) | |
| Behier (1960) +1 other reference | |
| Behier (1963) | |
| Behier (1963) |
Mauritania | |
| Marsh et al. (2015) |
Mexico | |
| Mitchell et al. (2025) |
Mozambique | |
| Wilson et al. (2000) |
| Wilson et al. (2000) |
Namibia | |
| Rio Tinto Group |
New Zealand | |
| Lilley |
Norway | |
| Åmli (1969) |
| Revheim (2007) |
| Kristiansen (1974) |
| Grønli et al. (1984) |
| Grønli et al. (1984) |
| Grønlie et al. (1969) | |
Poland | |
| Mochnacka et al. (2015) |
| Mochnacka et al. (2015) |
Romania | |
| Hirtopanu Paulina et al. (2013) |
| Hirtopanu et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
| HÎRTOPANU et al. (2014) |
Russia | |
| Mironov A.G. and Gofman A.F (1979) |
| Makagonov et al. (2017) |
| Belogub et al. (2022) |
| Belogub et al. (2022) | |
Slovakia | |
| Peterec et al. (2003) |
| Koděra et al. (1986) | |
Spain | |
| Dill et al. (2023) |
| Kilias et al. (2006) |
Sweden | |
| |
| J.Langhof: REE-mineralogy in Mo-granite ... |
| Wilke (1997) | |
| Wilke (1997) | |
| See above. |
| |
Switzerland | |
| Fehr et al. (1997) +1 other reference |
| Cuchet et al. (2003) +1 other reference |
| Graeser (2008) |
| Mischa Crumbach | |
UK | |
| O. von Knorring and R. Dearnley (1960) |
| von Knorring et al. (1960) +1 other reference |
USA | |
| Rocks & Min. (2007) +1 other reference |
| [micromounts@yahoogroups.com] |
| Murdoch (1966) +2 other references |
| San Diego Natural History Museum | |
| Foord (1977) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| The Williamson Southern Group |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Simmons et al. (1980) | |
| Januzzi et al. (1976) |
| Collections of Fred E Davis |
| Specimen in collection of Andrew Kruegel +1 other reference |
| McIntosh et al. (2026) |
| McIntosh et al. (2026) | |
| King et al. (1994) |
| Cristofono (n.d.) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| USGS Open File report 2010-5220 | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Pratt | |
| Kenny Gay - North Carolina Geological ... | |
| Kenny Gay - North Carolina Geological ... | |
| Smith |
| Robert C. Smith II (1978) |
| Lapham et al. (1965) |
| Rocks & Min.: 11:90. +3 other references |
| Frondel (1953) |
| Self-collected by Franklin Roberts. |
| Smith (1991) |
| November 1964 +4 other references | |
| Fred E. Davis Collection |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| Am Min (1964) |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| Cordua (1998) |
| Rocks & Min.: 62: 190-193. | |
| Min. News 15 (5) |
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Havey #1 & #2 Quarries, Topsham, Sagadahoc County, Maine, USA