Log In
Chalcoalumite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Chalcoalumite
Formula:
CuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O
Colour:
Turquoise-green, pale blue, bluish-grey; colourless in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous, Dull
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
2.29
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
In allusion to its composition, containing copper (CHALC-) and ALUMinum.
Chalcoalumite Group.
Compare also the chemically similar woodwardite.
A chalcoalumite-related, Sb-bearing mineral is described by Kolitsch et al. (2012). Its X-ray powder diffraction pattern is somewhat similar to that of chalcoalumite. The mineral may contain Sb(OH)6 groups replacing SO4 groups in the anionic interlayer.
Compare also the chemically similar woodwardite.
A chalcoalumite-related, Sb-bearing mineral is described by Kolitsch et al. (2012). Its X-ray powder diffraction pattern is somewhat similar to that of chalcoalumite. The mineral may contain Sb(OH)6 groups replacing SO4 groups in the anionic interlayer.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
961
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:961:8
IMA Classification of Chalcoalumite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Cu2+Al4S6+O4(OH)12·3H2O
First published:
1925
Classification of Chalcoalumite
7.DD.75
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
D : With only medium-sized cations; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
D : With only medium-sized cations; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra
31.3.1.1
31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
3 : (AB)5(XO4)Zq·xH2O
31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
3 : (AB)5(XO4)Zq·xH2O
25.2.19
25 : Sulphates
2 : Sulphates of Cu and Ag
25 : Sulphates
2 : Sulphates of Cu and Ag
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Cca | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Ccm | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Chalcoalumite
Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous, Dull
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Comment:
Outer layers of structures are vitreous.
Colour:
Turquoise-green, pale blue, bluish-grey; colourless in transmitted light.
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Sectile
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Several perfect probable. {100}
Several perfect probable. {100}
Density:
2.29 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.25 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Chalcoalumite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.52 nβ = 1.52 nγ = 1.53
Birefringence:
0.01
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.010
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Low (negative)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
No measured or calculated 2V is on file for this mineral, so the value used here (0°) is estimated from its recorded refractive indices and optic sign, not from a direct 2V measurement.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
No measured or calculated 2V is on file for this mineral, so the value used here (0°) is estimated from its recorded refractive indices and optic sign, not from a direct 2V measurement.
Dispersion:
relatively strong r
Optical Extinction:
Y = b; Z ∧ c = 22°.
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
X = pale green; Y = colorless; Z = robin's egg blue.
Comments:
2V small.
Chemistry of Chalcoalumite
Mindat Formula:
CuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Chalcoalumite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2 - Sphenoidal
Space Group:
P21
Cell Parameters:
a = 17.09 Å, b = 8.92 Å, c = 10.22 Å
β = 95.88°
β = 95.88°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.916 : 1 : 1.146
Unit Cell V:
1,549.77 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Occurs as rather porous, botryoidal crusts comprised of minute, matted fibers. Relatively large, lath-like crystals coat the outsides of the structures.
Twinning:
Twinning of the laths sometimes apparent with the composition face parallel to the long edge and nearly normal to the flat face. These exhibit re-entrant angles, with symmetrical faces and extinction.
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0019969 | Chalcoalumite | Hawthorne F C, Cooper M A (2013) The crystal structure of chalcoalumite: mechanisms of Jahn-Teller-driven distortion in [6]Cu2+-containing oxysalts Mineralogical Magazine 77 2901-2912 | 2013 | Bisbee, Arizona, USA | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 8.502 Å | (100) |
| 7.898 Å | (22) |
| 5.100 Å | (13) |
| 6.71 Å | (9) |
| 6.39 Å | (6) |
| 6.10 Å | (8) |
| 5.45 Å | (8) |
| 5.10 Å | (13) |
| 4.786 Å | (22) |
| 4.57 Å | (9) |
| 4.31 Å | (6) |
| 4.250 Å | (91) |
| 4.178 Å | (23) |
| 3.85 Å | (3) |
| 3.71 Å | (5) |
| 3.50 Å | (6) |
| 3.34 Å | (5) |
| 3.18 Å | (9) |
| 3.06 Å | (9) |
| 2.822 Å | (5) |
| 2.726 Å | (8) |
| 2.633 Å | (8) |
| 2.585 Å | (7) |
| 2.520 Å | (11) |
Comments:
ICDD 25-1430. See also ICDD 8-142.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] | |
| 47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates] |
Type Occurrence of Chalcoalumite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Thin crusts.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, number 87005–87008.
Natural History Museum, London, England, number 1961,27.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, numbers 95226, R6326.
Natural History Museum, London, England, number 1961,27.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, numbers 95226, R6326.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Chalcoalumite
Relationship of Chalcoalumite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Chalcoalumite Group:
| Kyrgyzstanite | ZnAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/c |
| Mbobomkulite | (Ni,Cu)Al4((NO3)2,SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O | Mon. 2 : P21 |
| Nickelalumite | NiAl4(SO4)(OH)12(H2O)3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/c |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 95 photos of Chalcoalumite associated with Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| 86 photos of Chalcoalumite associated with Cyanotrichite | Cu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| 76 photos of Chalcoalumite associated with Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| 65 photos of Chalcoalumite associated with Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 40 photos of Chalcoalumite associated with Grandviewite | Cu3Al2(SO4)(OH)10 · H2O |
| 38 photos of Chalcoalumite associated with Cuprite | Cu2O |
| 29 photos of Chalcoalumite associated with Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| 25 photos of Chalcoalumite associated with Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| 22 photos of Chalcoalumite associated with Serpierite | Ca(Cu2+,Zn2+)4(S6+O4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 20 photos of Chalcoalumite associated with Gibbsite | Al(OH)3 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 7.DD. | Asagiite | NiCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.05 | Felsőbányaite | Al4(SO4)(OH)10 · 4H2O |
| 7.DD.07 | Llantenesite | Cu6Al[SeO4](OH)12Cl · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.10 | Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| 7.DD.10 | Fehrite | MgCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.10 | Posnjakite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
| 7.DD.10 | Wroewolfeite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| 7.DD.10 | Gobelinite | CoCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.15 | Kobyashevite | Cu5(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| 7.DD.15 | Spangolite | Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.15 | 'Unnamed (Dimorph of Devilline)' | CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.20 | Ktenasite | ZnCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.25 | Christelite | Cu2Zn3(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| 7.DD.30 | Edwardsite | Cu3Cd2(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| 7.DD.30 | Niedermayrite | CdCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| 7.DD.30 | Serpierite | Ca(Cu2+,Zn2+)4(S6+O4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.30 | Campigliaite | Mn2+Cu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| 7.DD.30 | Orthoserpierite | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.30 | Devilline | CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Shigaite | Mn6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Zincaluminite | (Zn1-xAlx)(SO4)x/2(OH)2 · nH2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Zincowoodwardite | Zn1-xAlx(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Natroglaucocerinite | Zn6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Hydrowoodwardite | (Cu1-xAlx)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Honessite | (Ni1-xFe3+x)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Carrboydite | (Ni1-xAlx)(SO4)x/2(OH)2 · nH2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Glaucocerinite | (Zn1-xAlx)(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Wermlandite | Mg7Al2(OH)18[Ca(H2O)6][SO4]2 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Nikischerite | Fe2+6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Hydrohonessite | (Ni1-xFe3+x)(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Woodwardite | Cu1-xAlx(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Motukoreaite | Mg6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6][SO4]2 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Mountkeithite | [(Mg1-xFe3+x)(OH)2][SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
| 7.DD.40 | Lawsonbauerite | (Mn2+,Mg)9Zn4(SO4)2(OH)22 · 8H2O |
| 7.DD.40 | Torreyite | (Mg,Mn2+)7◻2Mn2+2Zn4(SO4)2(OH)22 · 8H2O |
| 7.DD.40 | Isselite | Cu6(SO4)(OH)10(H2O)4 · H2O |
| 7.DD.45 | Mooreite | Mg9◻2Mn2Zn4(SO4)2(OH)26 · 8H2O |
| 7.DD.45 | Hodgesmithite | (Cu,Zn)6Zn(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.47 | Lahnsteinite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.50 | Namuwite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| 7.DD.50 | Minohlite | (Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 8H2O |
| 7.DD.52 | Lauraniite | Cu6Cd2(SO4)2(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| 7.DD.55 | Bechererite | Zn7Cu(OH)13[(SiO(OH)3(SO4)] |
| 7.DD.60 | Ramsbeckite | (Cu,Zn)15(SO4)4(OH)22 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.65 | Vonbezingite | Ca6Cu3(SO4)3(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| 7.DD.70 | Redgillite | Cu6(SO4)(OH)10 · H2O |
| 7.DD.75 | Nickelalumite | NiAl4(SO4)(OH)12(H2O)3 |
| 7.DD.75 | Kyrgyzstanite | ZnAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.80 | Schulenbergite | (Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.80 | 'UM1992-30-SO:CCuHZn' | (Zn,Cu)7(SO4,CO3)2(OH)10 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.80 | Thérèsemagnanite | NaCo4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.80 | Guarinoite | Zn6(SO4)(OH)10 · 5H2O |
| 7.DD.85 | Montetrisaite | Cu6(SO4)(OH)10 · 2H2O |
Fluorescence of Chalcoalumite
Not fluorescent in UV.
Other Information
Notes:
Slowly soluble in cold dilute acids, easily soluble in hot acids.
Observed altered to gibbsite.
Observed altered to gibbsite.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Chalcoalumite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-961.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Chalcoalumite
Reference List:
Larsen, Esper S., Vassar, Helen E. (1925) Chalcoalumite, a new mineral from Bisbee, Arizona. American Mineralogist, 10 (4) 79-83
Williams, Sidney A., Khin, BaSaw (1971) Chalcoalumite from Bisbee, Arizona. The Mineralogical Record, 2 (3) 126-127
Localities for Chalcoalumite
Showing 120 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Day et al. (1996) |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
Austria | |
| Blass et al. (2001) +1 other reference |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| Puttner (1994) | |
| Mikl et al. (2014) |
| Kolitsch et al. (2014) |
| Brandstätter et al. (2010) |
| Kolitsch (2014) |
| Kolitsch et al. (2012) |
| U.Kolitsch 2011 +1 other reference |
| Kolitsch et al. (2011) |
| C.Auer (2013) |
| Gröbner et al. (2012) |
| Kolitsch (2014) |
Belgium | |
| Ottenburgs et al. (1998) |
| van Tassel (1979) |
| Blondieau et al. (2017) |
| du Ry et al. (1976) +1 other reference | |
| du Ry et al. (1976) +2 other references | |
| |
Bulgaria | |
| Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Annual ... |
Canada | |
| Peatfield (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| Sabina (1991) |
Chile | |
| Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schlüter (Hamburg University) |
| Luigi Mattei specimen |
| Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schlüter (Hamburg University) +1 other reference |
Czech Republic | |
| Jakub Plasil |
France | |
| Germain C. et al. (1990) |
| Lheur (2023) |
| Georges Favreau collection |
Germany | |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Schellhorn (1989) |
| Bender et al. (1994) |
| Reinhardt (2011) |
| Henrich et al. (2007) | |
| Henrich (2010) |
| Reinhardt (1997) +1 other reference |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Henrich (2010) |
| Henrich (2009) |
| Henrich (2010) |
| Henrich & Reinhardt (2008) +1 other reference | |
| Henrich (2010) |
| Habel et al. (2009) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Reinhardt & Henrich (2005) +2 other references |
| Henrich (2010) |
| Henrich (2010) | |
| Henrich (2010) |
| Lapis 38 (5) +1 other reference |
| Gröbner et al. (2011) |
| Möhn et al. (10/2020) |
| Gröbner et al. (2006) |
| Lapis 30 (7/8) | |
Greece | |
| Wendel (2000) +1 other reference |
| |
| Gröbner (2001) | |
Italy | |
| analysed by Dr. Anthony Kampf |
| analyzed by Dr. Anthony R. Kampf |
| Borgo et al. (1988) |
| Piccoli et al. (2007) |
| Ciriotti et al. (2019) |
| Ciriotti et al. (2007) |
| Campostrini et al. (1999) +1 other reference |
| Bardi et al. (2017) +1 other reference |
| Sabelli C. et al. (1996) | |
| Domenico Saccardo (2019) |
| Domenico Saccardo (2019) | |
Japan | |
| Matsubara et al. (2006) |
| Kojiro (1999) |
| Matsubara and Miyawaki (2006) |
Lebanon | |
| Kruszewski (2019) |
Poland | |
| Siuda (2001) |
Portugal | |
| Alves (n.d.) |
Romania | |
| www.minerals-of-the-carpathians |
| Editor:Szakáll |
Slovakia | |
| Sejkora (1993) |
| Ďuda et al. (2012) |
South Africa | |
| Martini (1997) |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) | |
Spain | |
| Calvo Rebollar et al. (2022) |
| Valladares et al. (2021) |
| Valladares et al. (2021) | |
| Mineralogistes de Catalunya (2/3) |
Sweden | |
| Boliden Group |
| |
| Persson (2000) |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
Switzerland | |
| Ansermet (2012) |
UK | |
| Ansermet (2007) |
| The Russel Society |
| Golley et al. (1995) +1 other reference |
| Braithwaite et al. (1982) |
| Camm (1993) +1 other reference |
| Bevins et al. (1985) |
| Day (1999) |
USA | |
| American Mineralogist: 10: 79-83 +4 other references |
| King (n.d.) | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| King (n.d.) | |
| Richard Graeme personal communications. +2 other references |
| Williams et al. (1971) +1 other reference |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Luetcke (n.d.) | |
| Leicht (1971) +1 other reference |
| |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Mauthner (2024) |
| Patrick Hale collection; identified by ... |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Thorne (n.d.) | |
| Peter Chin |
| Peter Chin | |
| Virgil Lueth |
| Thorne (n.d.) |
| Anatoly Kasatkin analyses |
| Rocks & Minerals 83:1 pp 52-62 |
Quick NavTopAbout ChalcoalumiteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence Other LanguagesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatFluorescence Other InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Grandview Mine, Horseshoe Mesa, Grandview Mining District, Coconino County, Arizona, USA