December 30
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| December 30 this year in various calendars | |
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| Wednesday, 30 December 2026 | |
Other calendars
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December 30 is the 364th day of the year (365th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; one day remains until the end of the year.
Events
[edit]Pre-1600
[edit]- 534 – The second and final edition of the Code of Justinian comes into effect in the Byzantine Empire.[1]
- 999 – Battle of Glenmama: The combined forces of Munster and Meath under king Brian Boru inflict a crushing defeat on the allied armies of Leinster and Dublin near Lyons Hill in Ireland.
- 1066 – Granada massacre: A Muslim mob storms the royal palace in Granada, crucifies Jewish vizier Joseph ibn Naghrela and massacres most of the Jewish population of the city.
- 1419 – Hundred Years' War: Battle of La Rochelle.
- 1460 – Wars of the Roses: Lancastrians kill the 3rd Duke of York and win the Battle of Wakefield.
1601–1900
[edit]- 1641 – Reapers' War: Louis XIII of France swears the Catalan constitutions, being appointed Count of Barcelona and thus establishing the personal union of the Principality of Catalonia with the Kingdom of France.[2]
- 1702 – Queen Anne's War: James Moore, Governor of the Province of Carolina, abandons the Siege of St. Augustine.
- 1813 – War of 1812: British soldiers burn Buffalo, New York.
- 1816 – The Treaty of St. Louis between the United States and the united Ottawa, Ojibwa, and Potawatomi Indian tribes is proclaimed.
- 1825 – The Treaty of St. Louis between the United States and the Shawnee Nation is proclaimed.
- 1853 – Gadsden Purchase: The United States buys land from Mexico to facilitate railroad building in the Southwest.
- 1890 – Following the Wounded Knee Massacre, the United States Army and Lakota warriors face off in the Drexel Mission Fight.[3]
- 1896 – Filipino patriot and reform advocate José Rizal is executed by a Spanish firing squad in Manila.
- 1896 – Canadian ice hockey player Ernie McLea scores the first hat-trick in Stanley Cup play, and the Cup-winning goal as the Montreal Victorias defeat the Winnipeg Victorias 6–5.
- 1897 – The British Colony of Natal annexes Zululand.
1901–present
[edit]- 1902 – The Discovery Expedition under Robert Falcon Scott attains a Farthest South at 82°17′S in Antarctica.[4]
- 1903 – A fire at the Iroquois Theater in Chicago, Illinois kills at least 605.
- 1905 – Former Idaho governor Frank Steunenberg is assassinated at the front gate of his home in Caldwell.
- 1906 – The All-India Muslim League is founded in Dacca, East Bengal, British India (later Dhaka, Bangladesh).
- 1916 – Russian mystic and advisor to the Tsar Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin is murdered by a loyalist group led by Prince Felix Yusupov. His frozen, partially-trussed body was discovered in a Petrograd river three days later.
- 1916 – The last coronation in Hungary is performed for King Charles IV and Queen Zita.
- 1922 – The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) is formed.
- 1927 – The Ginza Line, the first subway line in Asia, opens in Tokyo, Japan.
- 1935 – The Italian Air Force bombs a Swedish Red Cross hospital during the Second Italo-Abyssinian War.
- 1936 – The Flint sit-down strike hits General Motors.
- 1943 – Subhas Chandra Bose raises the flag of Indian independence at Port Blair.
- 1944 – King George II of Greece declares a regency, leaving the throne vacant.
- 1947 – Cold War: King Michael I of Romania is forced to abdicate by the Soviet Union-backed Communist government of Romania.
- 1952 – An RAF Avro Lancaster bomber crashes in Luqa, Malta after an engine failure, killing three crew members and a civilian on the ground.[5]
- 1954 – The Finnish National Bureau of Investigation is established to consolidate criminal investigation and intelligence into a single agency.[6]
- 1958 – The Guatemalan Air Force sinks several Mexican fishing boats alleged to have breached maritime borders, killing three and sparking international tension.
- 1967 – Aeroflot Flight L-51 crashes near Liepāja International Airport in Liepāja, Latvia, killing 43.[7]
- 1970 – Hurricane Creek mine disaster, near Hyden, Kentucky[8]
- 1972 – Vietnam War: Operation Linebacker II ends.
- 1987 – Stella Sigcau, Prime minister of the South African Bantustan of Transkei, is ousted from power in a bloodless military coup led by General Bantu Holomisa.[9]
- 1993 – Israel establishes diplomatic relations with Vatican City and also upgrades to full diplomatic relations with Ireland.
- 1996 – Proposed budget cuts by Benjamin Netanyahu spark protests from 250,000 workers who shut down services across Israel.
- 1997 – In the worst incident in Algeria's insurgency, the Wilaya of Relizane massacres, 400 people from four villages are killed.
- 2000 – Rizal Day bombings: A series of bombs explode in various places in Metro Manila, Philippines within a period of a few hours, killing 22 and injuring about a hundred.
- 2004 – A fire in the República Cromagnon nightclub in Buenos Aires, Argentina, kills 194.
- 2005 – Tropical Storm Zeta forms in the open Atlantic Ocean, tying the record for the latest tropical cyclone ever to form in the North Atlantic basin.
- 2006 – Madrid–Barajas Airport is bombed.
- 2006 – The Indonesian passenger ferry MV Senopati Nusantara sinks in a storm, resulting in at least 400 deaths.
- 2006 – Former president of Iraq Saddam Hussein is executed.
- 2009 – A segment of the Lanzhou–Zhengzhou–Changsha pipeline ruptures in Shaanxi, China, and approximately 150,000 L (40,000 US gal) of diesel oil flows down the Wei River before finally reaching the Yellow River.
- 2009 – A suicide bomber kills nine people at Forward Operating Base Chapman, a key facility of the Central Intelligence Agency in Afghanistan.
- 2013 – More than 100 people are killed when anti-government forces attack key buildings in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
- 2020 – A large explosion at the airport in the southern Yemeni city of Aden kills at least 22 people and wounds 50.[10]
Births
[edit]Pre–1600
[edit]- AD 39 – Titus, Roman emperor (probable)[11] (died 81)
- 159 – Empress Dowager Bian, second wife of Cao Cao, mother of Cao Wei's first emperor, Cao Pi (died 230)
- 1204 – Abû 'Uthmân Sa'îd ibn Hakam al Qurashi, ruler of Minorca (died 1282)
- 1371 – Vasily I of Moscow (died 1425)
- 1490 – Ebussuud Efendi, Ottoman lawyer and jurist (died 1574)
- 1548 – David Pareus, German theologian (died 1622)
- 1578 – Ulrik of Denmark, Danish prince-bishop (died 1624)
1601–1900
[edit]- 1642 – Vincenzo da Filicaja, Italian poet (died 1707)
- 1673 – Ahmed III, Ottoman sultan (died 1736)
- 1678 – William Croft, English organist and composer (died 1727)
- 1722 – Charles Yorke, English lawyer and politician, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (died 1770)
- 1724 – Louis-Jean-François Lagrenée, French painter and educator (died 1805)
- 1757 – Sebastián Kindelán y O'Regan, colonial governor of East Florida, Santo Domingo and Cuba (died 1826)[12]
- 1760 – Charles Sapinaud de La Rairie, French general (died 1829)
- 1792 – Sylvester Jordan, German lawyer and politician (died 1861)
- 1819 – Theodor Fontane, German author and poet (died 1898)
- 1819 – John W. Geary, American lawyer and politician, 16th Governor of Pennsylvania (died 1873)
- 1825 – Samuel Newitt Wood, American lawyer and politician (died 1891)
- 1842 – Osman Hamdi Bey, Ottoman administrator, intellectual, art expert and painter (died 1910)
- 1849 – John Milne, English seismologist and geologist (died 1913)
- 1851 – Asa Griggs Candler, American businessman and politician, 44th Mayor of Atlanta (died 1929)[13]
- 1853 – André Messager, French pianist, composer, and conductor (died 1929)[14]
- 1857 – Sylvio Lazzari, French-Austrian composer (died 1944)[15]
- 1865 – Rudyard Kipling, Indian-English author and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1936)[16]
- 1869 – Stephen Leacock, English-Canadian political scientist and author (died 1944)
- 1869 – Ōzutsu Man'emon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 18th Yokozuna (died 1918)
- 1873 – Al Smith, American lawyer and politician, 42nd Governor of New York (died 1944)
- 1878 – William Aberhart, Canadian evangelist and politician, seventh Premier of Alberta (died 1943)
- 1879 – Ramana Maharshi, Indian guru and philosopher (died 1950)
- 1883 – Archer Baldwin, American-English farmer and politician (died 1966)
- 1883 – Lester Patrick, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (died 1960)
- 1884 – Hideki Tōjō, Japanese general and politician, 40th Prime Minister of Japan (died 1948)
- 1886 – Austin Osman Spare, English artist and occultist (died 1956)[17]
- 1887 – William Kolehmainen, Finnish-American runner and coach (died 1967)
- 1887 – K. M. Munshi, Indian politician, writer and educationist, founder of Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan (died 1971)[18]
- 1890 – Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, Mexican soldier and politician, 47th President of Mexico (died 1973)[19]
- 1897 –