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Welcome to the website of the International Cartographic AssociationGet to know the new ICA Executive Committee for the term 2023-2027Get to know the ICA Commissions for the term 2023-2027
Welcome to the website of the International Cartographic Association
Get to know the new ICA Executive Committee for the term 2023-2027
Get to know the ICA Commissions for the term 2023-2027

Maps matter – and so does the choice of map projection

The International Cartographic Association (ICA) welcomes the renewed global attention to map projections following the adoption of the recent United Nations General Assembly resolution encouraging the use of equal-area map projections, including Equal Earth, when the relative sizes of countries and continents matter.

The discussion highlights something cartographers have long emphasized: every map projection involves distortion. There is no single “correct” projection for all purposes. The Mercator projection, developed for navigation, preserves angles and directions locally but strongly distorts areas towards the poles. It is therefore generally inappropriate for world maps intended to compare the relative sizes of countries and continents.

For such purposes, equal-area projections provide a more appropriate representation. At the same time, the choice of projection should always be guided by the purpose of the map, its geographic extent and the properties that need to be preserved.

This is precisely the message of the ICA Fact Sheet “Choosing World Map Projections – When Equal-Area Is Appropriate (and Why There Is No Single ‘Correct’ Projection)”, prepared by Michael T. Gastner and Krisztián Kerkovits of the ICA Commission on Map Projections.

The current debate is therefore about more than replacing one projection with another. It is an opportunity to strengthen map literacy and awareness that maps are designed representations of our world – and that cartographic choices influence how we perceive it.

Read the ICA Fact Sheet on Choosing World Map Projections (PDF)

President’s Blog: The role of the United Nations for ICA and vice versa

Some weeks before the United Nations calls for the Fourteenth Session of the United Nations Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management, 7-9 August 2024, UNHQ, New York, I would like to take the opportunity to highlight the mutual connections, cooperation and contributions between UN entities and ICA.

Several entities and institutions of the UN are related to the aims and scope of ICA, this is why we take a great interest and pro-active view on cooperation and mutual interests. Derived from the general need of an international meta organization like the UN for spatial information in reliable manner has become more and more relevant. The saying “everything happens somewhere” can be applied to every global issue or crisis. The need to become aware about “what is happening somewhere”, to get tailored information, to underpin decisions asks very often for maps, cartography and GIScience.

It is therefore not a surprise, that ICA is taking a strong interest in related UN Activities, as the respective UN entities benefit from ICA involvement. The eventually most visible example of this involvement was the joined book publication “Mapping for a sustainable world” of UN and ICA.

Let me introduce some of the main UN bodies, we are cooperating with:

United Nations Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management (UN-GGIM)

Logo of the United Nations Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information ManagementThis is an entity to promote international cooperation in the field of global geospatial information, for consulting governments in the context of making joint decisions and setting directions with regard to the production, availability, and application of geospatial information within national, regional, and global policy frameworks. All member states of the UN can participate, but also “Thematic Networks” are represented, including geospatial societies, academic network, private sector network and the UN Geospatial Network.
ICA is actively participating in UN-GGIM since its inauguration by

  • Participating at the UN-GGIM yearly sessions
  • Participating in some of the so called “High Level Forums of UN-GGIM
  • Taking a strong interest in main outcomes and results of UN-GGIM work, such as the Integrated Geospatial Information Framework (IGIF) or the UN Centres of Excellence

Several ICA-related scholars are actively working with UN-GGIM. I would like to highlight especially the ongoing role of Past President Timothy Trainor, which has and is substantially involved in steering the UN-GGIM agenda in several consultative ways

Academic Network of UN-GGIM

 This is a network of universities and scholars trying to contribute to the agenda of UN-GGIM for an academic perspective, focusing on the role of research and education. ICA is traditionally well presented in the Academic Network, former President Menno-Jan Kraak was a board member, current president Georg Gartner is currently Board Member.

UN-GGIM Geospatial Societies

The UN-GGIM Geospatial Societies is a coalition of the Presidents, Secretaries-General or equivalent office bearers or their nominees that lead recognized international organizations involved in the coordination, development, management, standardization or regulation of geospatial information and related matters, trying to support the agenda of UN-GGIM.

ICA is highly involved in work of this entity, I would like to highlight especially the instrumental role of former president William Cartwright in forming and establishing this group.

Former President Menno-Jan Kraak in a meeting representing ICA at the UN-GGIM Geospatial Societies, New York August 2023 at the 11th UN-GGIM meeting

Former President Menno-Jan Kraak in a meeting representing ICA at the UN-GGIM Geospatial Societies, New York August 2023 at the 11th UN-GGIM meeting

Office of Outer Space Affairs, United Nations (OOSA)

A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed March 2005 in Vienna by Milan Konecny (ICA President) and Sergio Camacho-Lara (UNOOSA Executive Director) is in place. This has led to mutual contacts e.g presentations and internships for students.

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)

ICA is an official partner of UNESCO as recognized Non-governmental organization (NGO) and as such fully included in the communication of UNESCO activities and policies as entitled to participate in UNESCO activities.

United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names (UNGEGN)

The objectives of this entity are

  • encourage national and international geographical names standardization;
  • promote the international dissemination of nationally standardized geographical names information; and
  • adopt single romanization systems for the conversion of each non-Roman writing system to the Roman alphabet.

ICA was and is always prominently participating in the work of UNGEGN, I would like to explicitly mention her the significant input of the former secretary-general Ferjan Ormeling or the former Commission Chair Peter Jordan. Currently MatjaĆŸ GerĆĄič is the chair from the ICA side of the Joint ICA/IGU Commission on Toponymy, a joint venture of ICA and IGU committed to fostering cartographic and geographical research in toponymy supplementary to UNGEGN.

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Cartographier pour un monde durable

Le livre de Menno-Jan Kraak (ACI), Robert E. Roth (ACI), Britta Ricker (ACI), Ayako Kagawa (ONU), Guillaume Le Sourd (ONU), que l’ICA a publiĂ© en 2021 en collaboration avec les Nations Unies sur le thĂšme important des Objectifs de DĂ©veloppement Durable (ODD), existe maintenant aussi en français – la deuxiĂšme langue officielle de l’ICA.

La version pdf du livre peut ĂȘtre tĂ©lĂ©chargĂ©e Ă  partir de la page accessible via digitallibrary.un.org/record/3898826.

Une version imprimée est en préparation.

Category: General News

Cartographier pour un monde durable – French version of Mapping for a Sustainable World published

The book “Mapping for a Sustainable World”, a co-publication by the United Nations and the International Cartographic Association, has been translated to French – the second offical language of the ICA.

The pdf-version of the book written by Menno-Jan Kraak (ICA), Robert E. Roth (ICA), Britta Ricker (ICA), Ayako Kagawa (UN) and Guillaume Le Sourd (UN) can be downloaded from digitallibrary.un.org/record/3898826. A printed version is in preparation.

Category: General News

Mapping for a Sustainable World

Dear colleagues,

It is with great pleasure we present you the book “Mapping for a Sustainable World”, a co-publication by the United Nations and the International Cartographic Association. This co-insides with today’s International Day of Education (24 January 2021).

In 2015, the United Nations identified 17 Sustainable Development Goals (henceforth SDGs) in an effort to address, collectively, the most pressing problems facing our world. The SDGs relate to broad social, economic, and environmental challenges, and provide a framework for shared action. Each of the seventeen SDGs has a set of targets and indicators to assist countries towards meeting the goal. To achieve the SDGs, governments and people need to understand each challenge and monitor progress towards alleviating it.

Inspired by this initiative and eager to contribute ICA started a map poster project in 2015. It cumulated in a map exhibition at the United Nations Headquarters in 2016. This book project, executed in together with the Geospatial Information Section of the United Nations, can be considered the follow-up of the map poster project.

Drawing from cartography, the book offers guidelines for mapping geographic datasets related to the SDGs by introducing basic principles of map design and use, discussing established best practices and conventions, and explaining how different mapping techniques support understanding of the SDGs.

The book comprises four sections. Section 1 introduces the SDGs and their relation to geospatial data, describing SDG indicators and data transformations for mapping. Section 2 describes foundational design decisions in the cartographic workflow, including projections, scale, generalization, symbolization, typography, and visual hierarchy, among others. Section 3 introduces the common map types (e.g., choropleths, proportional symbols, dasymetric maps, bivariate maps, cartograms) and diagrams (e.g., bar graphs, scatterplots, timelines) for representing the SDG indicators. Finally, Section 4 discusses considerations for map use environments, such as audiences, user interfaces and interaction operators, mobile and web media, storytelling versus exploration, and open access.

The book has an editorial team comprising writers from the International Cartographic Association (ICA) and the Geospatial Information Section of the United Nations (UN). The book is published as an open access document according to the CC-BY-NC license. When drawing from or reusing text or figures from this book, attribute/cite as follows Kraak MJ, RE Roth, B Ricker, A Kagawa, and G Le Sourd. 2020. Mapping for a Sustainable World. The United Nations: New York, NY (USA). The institutes of the editors (University of Twente / ITC, University of Wisconsin-Madison), and the UW Cartography Laboratory (design and layout), and the United Nations Geospatial Information Section have made the necessary resources available to realize the book.

The pdf-version of the book can be downloaded from the page accessible via the following link https://www.un-ilibrary.org/content/books/9789216040468. A direct DOI link will follow. A printed version is in preparation. At a later stage we plan to also release all data used to create the maps in the book.

Menno-Jan Kraak (ICA)
Robert E. Roth (ICA)
Britta Ricker (ICA)
Ayako Kagawa (UN)
Guillaume Le Sourd (UN)

Category: General News

President’s blog: Revised ICA posters on “Maps and Sustainable Development Goals”

Last August the posters created by ICA’s Commissions on the Sustainable Development Goals were on exhibit in the conferences area in United Nations Headquarters in New York. During the exhibition, we did get many comments. Most were positive, but also critical remarks were made. This prompted an additional internal peer review by our Commission chairs and the Executive Committee members, resulting in a long list of potential improvements. They were related to language, the base map (boundaries), content, cartographic representations and graphic quality. These have now all been processed.

The ICA posters as presented in the conferences area in United Nations Headquarters in New York

The ICA posters as presented in the conferences area in United Nations Headquarters in New York

 

As one can imagine, the boundary problem was most sensitive at the UN. It proved difficult to follow the UN guidelines, and therefore we have included the following disclaimer on all posters: Boundaries on maps may seem definitive, but there are often different perspectives on their status and position. This poster series is compiled from many sources by cartographers from different countries. The ICA tries to be neutral in such matters and boundaries shown reflect those found on the ground, in existing maps, or recognized by the United Nations. The ICA acknowledges that there may be different opinions and interpretations.

The revised posters as well as the newly design catalog for the poster exhibition can be found on icaci.org/maps-and-sustainable-development-goals.

Let’s make the world a better place with maps!

– Menno-Jan Kraak
President of the International Cartographic Association

President’s blog: ICA posters on display at the United Nations Headquarters in New York

ICA posters at the UN GGIM meeting

During the sixth session of the Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management (UN-GGIM, 3–5 August 2016), the posters created by ICA’s Commissions on the Sustainable Development Goals were on exhibit in the conferences area in United Nations Headquarters in New York. During the opening session the participants were pointed to the exhibition of the ICA posters. During the first day of the conference the exhibition catalog was distributed to all participants. ICA’s contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals was well received.

The posters as well as the catalog for the poster exhibition can be found on icaci.org/maps-and-sustainable-development-goals.

Let’s make the world a better place with maps!

Menno-Jan Kraak
– President of the International Cartographic Association

 
posters-at-un2
More photos can be found on the ICA Facebook page

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President’s Blog: A map perspective on the sustainable development goals

The Sustainable Development Goals, officially known as Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development are a UN Initiative. Official website: https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org

In the light of the International Map Year (IMY), the ICA and its commissions are highlighting the value of cartography by “mapping” the UN sustainable development goals.

In the past months, a set of posters has been created, one for each sustainable development goal. They do not map the goals and their target based on indicators as such. The poster series tells the story of cartographic diversity, of mapping options, and of multiple map perspectives. Each of the goals has been mapped from a particular perspective by different ICA Commissions. All posters have a short take-home-message that should make one aware of particular strengths of the map.

The posters as well as the catalog for the poster exhibition can be found on icaci.org/maps-and-sustainable-development-goals

A huge thank you to all commissions involved and to Wim Feringa from ITC for the poster design and production. Let’s make the world a better place with maps!

Menno-Jan Kraak
– President of the International Cartographic Association

President’s Blog: International Map Year 2015–2016

Logo of the International Map Year 2015/2016

It is my sincere pleasure to inform you that at the fourth session of the United Nations Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management at the UN Headquarters in New York, 6–8 August 2014, the ICA Initiative on an International Map Year 2015–2016 was positively discussed.

The resolution states:

The committee endorses the International Map Year 2015–2016 as proposed by the International Cartographic Association as a valuable means to promote the importance of maps and geoinformation.

With this we have reached a most prominent framework for the planned acitivities and I invite all members of the ICA family to consider their active participation. To stay up-to-date with all activities around the International Map Year, please visit mapyear.org.

Georg Gartner
– President of the International Cartographic Association

 

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