1155 Explained

Year 1155 (MCLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Europe

• April 18  - Siege of Tortona: German forces capture the citadel of Tortona (after a two-month siege). The city is razed to the ground, including the graves.
• June 18  - King Frederick Barbarossa is crowned as Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Adrian IV at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.
• Arnold of Brescia is exiled by Adrian IV and forced to flee. He is arrested by imperial forces, hanged, and his body burned at the stake in Rome in June.
• The city of Bari rebels against King William I ("the Bad") of Sicily and recognizes the Byzantine emperor Manuel I Komnenos as its overlord.^[1]
• The Virgin of Vladimir icon is taken by Grand Prince Andrey Bogolyubsky to Vladimir from Suzdal.

England

• Spring  - King Henry II has the Palace of Westminster (which is badly damaged by Stephen's supporters during The Anarchy) repaired. Thomas Becket, archbishop of Canterbury, is given the task of repairing the buildings.
• Henry II subdues the English nobles who have become too powerful during the civil war. He takes Bridgnorth Castle and Scarborough Castle.
• Henry II grants the city of Bristol ('Brycgstow') a Royal charter, and is divided between Gloucestershire and Somerset (until 1373).
• New Year's Day is changed from January 1 to March 25.^[2]

Asia

• August 22  - The 16-year-old Emperor Konoe dies after a 14-year reign. He is succeeded by his brother Go-Shirakawa as the 77th emperor of Japan.
• Jaisalmer Fort, located in the Indian state Rajasthan, is constructed by the Rajput ruler Rawal Jaisal (approximate date).

By topic

Religion

• A plan to conquer Ireland is approved by Adrian IV in a Papal bull (a formal proclamation issued by the pope) called Laudabiliter. It gives Henry II lordship over Ireland, but the Irish kings resist English rule.
• Summer (3/5 June)  - Robert of Chichester becomes bishop of Exeter (until 1160).

Births

• February 28  - Henry the Young King, son of Henry II (d. 1183)
• May 17  - Jien, Japanese poet and historian (d. 1225)
• November 11  - Alfonso VIII, king of Castile (d. 1214)
• Abu Muhammad Salih, Almohad Sufi leader (d. 1234)
• Benkei, Japanese warrior monk (sōhei) (d. 1189)
• Bernard d'Armagnac, French nobleman (d. 1202)
• Fujiwara no Ariie, Japanese nobleman (d. 1216)
• Fujiwara no Yasuhira, Japanese nobleman (d. 1189)
• Geoffrey de Saye, English nobleman (d. 1230)
• Kamo no Chōmei, Japanese waka poet (d. 1216)
• Maud de Braose, English noblewoman (d. 1210)
• Ottokar I, duke of Bohemia (approximate date)
• Sicard of Cremona, Italian prelate (d. 1215)
• Taira no Tokuko, Japanese empress (d. 1214)

Deaths

• June 4  - Baldwin de Redvers, English nobleman
• June 10  - Sigurd II, king of Norway (b. 1133)
• June 11  - Kenkai, Japanese Buddhist monk (b. 1107)
• August 22  - Konoe, emperor of Japan (b. 1139)
• November 18  - Qin Hui, Chinese politician (b. 1090)
• Arnold of Brescia, Italian priest and rebel (b. 1090)
• Fujiwara no Akisuke, Japanese nobleman (b. 1090)
• Geoffrey of Monmouth, English historian (b. 1095)
• Li Qingzhao, Chinese poet and writer (b. 1084)
• Minamoto no Yoshikuni, Japanese samurai (b. 1082)
• William de Mohun, English nobleman (b. 1090)

Notes and References

1. Book: Kleinhenz, Christopher. Medieval Italy: an encyclopedia. 2010. Routledge. New York. 978-0-415-93930-0. 95.
2. Catholic Encyclopedia, General Chronology (Beginning of the Year).