Phosphohedyphane
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Phosphohedyphane
Formula:
Ca2Pb3(PO4)3Cl
Colour:
Colourless, white, yellow; pale grey, green or greenish blue
Lustre:
Vitreous, Greasy
Hardness:
4
Specific Gravity:
5.92 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Member of:
Name:
For its phosphate content and relationship with hedyphane.
Type Locality:
Isostructural with:
The phosphate analogue of hedyphane. The Pb3Ca2 analogue of pyromorphite and chlorapatite. The Cl analogue of fluorphosphohedyphane.
An unnamed OH analogue is IMA-coded as UM2002-53-PO:CaHPb.
Pb and Ca atoms are ordered on two different sites in the crystal structure.
Specimens from numerous localities worldwide have previously been labelled "calcian pyromorphite", and some of them may be identical with this species.
An unnamed OH analogue is IMA-coded as UM2002-53-PO:CaHPb.
Pb and Ca atoms are ordered on two different sites in the crystal structure.
Specimens from numerous localities worldwide have previously been labelled "calcian pyromorphite", and some of them may be identical with this species.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
27608
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:27608:9
Similar Names
| Phosphohedyphane-(F) | A synonym of Fluorphosphohedyphane |
IMA Classification of Phosphohedyphane
Classification of Phosphohedyphane
8.BN.05
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
N : With only large cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 0.33:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
N : With only large cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 0.33:1
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Phdy | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Phosphohedyphane
Vitreous, Greasy
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colourless, white, yellow; pale grey, green or greenish blue
Streak:
White
Hardness:
4 on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Measured
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
5.92 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Phosphohedyphane
Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 1.935 nε = 1.928
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.007
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized uniaxial interference figure - the conoscopic
(convergent-light, Bertrand-lens-in) view, for a grain cut with the optic axis
centred and vertical. The coloured rings are isochromatics, computed with the
same physics as the Michel-Lévy bar above; the dark cross is the isogyre.
For a genuinely uniaxial mineral viewed this way, that cross stays perfectly stationary if you rotate the stage - unlike a biaxial mineral, where it splits apart on rotation. That invariance is itself the standard diagnostic test for telling uniaxial and biaxial minerals apart at the microscope.
For a genuinely uniaxial mineral viewed this way, that cross stays perfectly stationary if you rotate the stage - unlike a biaxial mineral, where it splits apart on rotation. That invariance is itself the standard diagnostic test for telling uniaxial and biaxial minerals apart at the microscope.
Chemistry of Phosphohedyphane
Mindat Formula:
Ca2Pb3(PO4)3Cl
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Phosphohedyphane
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Class (H-M):
6/m - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
P63/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.857 Å, c = 7.13 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.723
Unit Cell V:
599.9 ų
Z:
2
Morphology:
Forms observed are {100} and {101} good, {411} poor, and {10.0.1} and {20.0.1} (approx.)
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0004255 | Phosphohedyphane | Kampf A R, Steele I M, Jenkins R A (2006) Phosphohedyphane, Ca2Pb3(PO4)3Cl, the phosphate analogue of hedyphane: Description and crystal structure American Mineralogist 91 1909-1917 | 2006 | Capitana mine, Copiapo, Atacama Province, Chile | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 8.538 Å | (20) |
| 4.054 Å | (60) |
| 3.565 Å | (30) |
| 2.942 Å | (100) |
| 2.882 Å | (30) |
| 2.139 Å | (35) |
| 1.918 Å | (25) |
| 1.890 Å | (25) |
Comments:
Capitana Mine, Copiapó Province, Chile. Data from the type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals] | |
| 47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] | |
| 47g : [Halogen-bearing surface weathering minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Phosphohedyphane
General Appearance of Type Material:
Transparent, colourless, tapering hexagonal prisms, as individuals up to about 0.5 mm in length and 0.1 mm in diameter, commonly doubly terminated; often in subparallel intergrowths and irregular clusters.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California, USA, number 55429 (holotype).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Secondary mineral in the oxidized zone of a Cu-Pb-Ag deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Phosphohedyphane
Other Language Names for Phosphohedyphane
Relationship of Phosphohedyphane to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Hedyphane Group:
| Aiolosite | Na4Bi(SO4)3Cl | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Caracolite | Na3Pb2(SO4)3Cl | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Cesanite | Na3Ca2(SO4)3(OH) | Hex. 6 : P6 |
| Fluorphosphohedyphane | Ca2Pb3(PO4)3F | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Fluorsigaiite | Ca2Sr3(PO4)3F | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Hedyphane | Ca2Pb3(AsO4)3Cl | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc |
| Hydroxylhedyphane | Ca2Pb3(AsO4)3(OH) | Trig. 3 : P3 |
| Miyahisaite | (Sr,Ca)2Ba3(PO4)3F | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Morelandite | Ca2Ba3(AsO4)3Cl | Hex. |
| Parafiniukite | Ca2Mn3(PO4)3Cl | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| 'UM2002-53-PO:CaHPb' | Ca2Pb3(PO4)3(OH,Cl,F) |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 58 photos of Phosphohedyphane associated with Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| 44 photos of Phosphohedyphane associated with Mottramite | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| 42 photos of Phosphohedyphane associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 33 photos of Phosphohedyphane associated with Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| 24 photos of Phosphohedyphane associated with Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| 24 photos of Phosphohedyphane associated with Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| 18 photos of Phosphohedyphane associated with Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| 11 photos of Phosphohedyphane associated with Willemite | Zn2SiO4 |
| 11 photos of Phosphohedyphane associated with 'Calcium-bearing Pyromorphite' | (Pb,Ca)5(PO4)3Cl |
| 10 photos of Phosphohedyphane associated with Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.BN. | Fluoralforsite | Ba5(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN. | Aradite | BaCa6[(SiO4)(VO4)](VO4)2F |
| 8.BN. | Magganasite | CuFe3+3O(AsO4)3 |
| 8.BN. | Fluorpyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN. | Fluorsigaiite | Ca2Sr3(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Pieczkaite | Mn5(PO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Fluorcaphite | SrCaCa3(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Hedyphane | Ca2Pb3(AsO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Hydroxylhedyphane | Ca2Pb3(AsO4)3(OH) |
| 8.BN.05 | 'Mimetite-M' | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Johnbaumite | Ca5(AsO4)3(OH) |
| 8.BN.05 | Pliniusite | Ca5(VO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | 'Hydroxylapatite-M' | Ca5(PO4)3OH |
| 8.BN.05 | Hydroxylpyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3(OH) |
| 8.BN.05 | Miyahisaite | (Sr,Ca)2Ba3(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Carlgieseckeite-(Nd) | NaNdCa3(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Belovite-(Ce) | NaCeSr3(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Kuannersuite-(Ce) | NaCeBa3(PO4)3F0.5Cl0.5 |
| 8.BN.05 | Alforsite | Ba5(PO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | 'Unnamed (OH-analogue of Mimetite)' | Pb5(AsO4)3(OH) |
| 8.BN.05 | Stronadelphite | Sr5(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Parafiniukite | Ca2Mn3(PO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 va | 'Germanate-pyromorphite' | Pb5(PO4)2GeO4 |
| 8.BN.05 | Belovite-(La) | NaLaSr3(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Fluorphosphohedyphane | Ca2Pb3(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Fluorstrophite | SrCaSr3(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Hydroxylapatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| 8.BN.05 | 'Johnbaumite-M' | Ca5(AsO4)3OH |
| 8.BN.05 | Turneaureite | Ca5(AsO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Morelandite | Ca2Ba3(AsO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | 'Oxypyromorphite' | Pb10(PO4)6O |
| 8.BN.05 | Deloneite | (Na0.5REE0.25Ca0.25)(Ca0.75REE0.25)Sr1.5(CaNa0.25REE0.25)(PO4)3F0.5(OH)0.5 |
| 8.BN.05 | Chlorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Vanackerite | Pb4Cd(AsO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Svabite | Ca5(AsO4)3F |
| 8.BN.10 | Arctite | Na2Ca4(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.10 | Krügerite | BaCa6(SiO4)2[(P0.5S0.5)O4]2F |
| 8.BN.15 | Goryainovite | Ca2(PO4)Cl |
Fluorescence of Phosphohedyphane
Not fluorescent.
Other Information
Notes:
Decomposes quickly in dilute HCl and the residue dissolves slowly.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Phosphohedyphane
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-27608.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Phosphohedyphane
Reference List:
Kampf, A. R., Steele, I. M., Jenkins, R. A. (2006) Phosphohedyphane, Ca2Pb3(PO4)3Cl, the phosphate analog of hedyphane: Description and crystal structure. American Mineralogist, 91 (11) 1909-1917 doi:10.2138/am.2006.2268
Frost, Ray L., Scholz, Ricardo, López, Andrés, Firmino, Bárbara E., Lana, Cristiano, Xi, Yunfei (2014) A Raman and infrared spectroscopic characterisation of the phosphate mineral phosphohedyphane Ca2Pb3(PO4)3Cl from the Roote mine, Nevada, USA. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 127. 237-242 doi:10.1016/j.saa.2014.02.067
Localities for Phosphohedyphane
Showing 120 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Kampf et al. (2006) |
| Kampf et al. (2006) |
| Ben Grguric +1 other reference |
| Birch et al. (2007) |
| Downes et al. (2017) |
| Downes et al. (2017) | |
Austria | |
| Kolitsch et al. (2019) |
| Knobloch et al. (2018) |
Bolivia | |
| Analysis by Dr Frank Keutsch on ... |
Brazil | |
| Slezak et al. (pdf available at https://qspace.library.queensu.ca/handle/1974/7027?mode=full) |
Canada | |
| Lykova (2003) |
Chile | |
| Gerhard Möhn Collection |
| Kampf et al. (2006) |
| Yang et al. (2011) |
China | |
| Cuitian Qiu (1983) |
Czech Republic | |
| is.muni.cz (n.d.) |
| Sejkora et al. (2008) |
| Pauliš et al. (2023) |
| Jirásek et al. (2020) |
France | |
| SEM-EDS analysed at Laboratoire "Magmas ... |
| Pascal Chollet collection |
| Kampf et al. (2006) |
| SEM-EDS analyses at "Laboratoire Magmas ... |
| Pascal Chollet Collection - SEM-EDS ... |
Germany | |
| Niels van Velzen collection Mindat ... |
| Schimak et al. (02/2024) |
| Markl (2017) |
| Hauner (2024) |
| Legner et al. (2022) |
| Müller et al. (2021) |
Greece | |
| Rieck et al. (2020) |
| Rieck et al. (2020) |
Italy | |
| Balestra-Castellaro-Kampf |
| Balestra et al. (2009) |
| Orlandi (2011) |
| Lecca et al. (2024) |
Japan | |
| Hirama et al. (2011) +1 other reference |
Kazakhstan | |
| Lemanski (2009) |
| Kampf et al. (2006) |
| Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.) | |
Mexico | |
| Peter Megaw |
| Parker (2010) |
Morocco | |
| Joan Rosell. RosellMinerals |
Norway | |
| Folvik (2019) |
Poland | |
| Pieczka et al. (2013) +3 other references |
Portugal | |
| Alves (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| Alves (n.d.) |
| Alves et al. (2017) | |
| Alves (n.d.) | |
| Alves (n.d.) |
Republic of the Congo | |
| Spirifer Minerals specimens (neon green phosphohedyphane pseudomorphs after cerussite) |
Russia | |
| webmineral.ru (2020) |
| Kasatkin et al. (2025) | |
| Kampf et al. (2006) |
Slovakia | |
| Ondrejka et al. (2020) |
| Vlasáč et al. (2021) |
South Africa | |
| Own collection XRD confirmed |
Spain | |
| Castro et al. (2019) |
| SEM-EDS analysed +1 other reference |
| Christian Rewitzer collection - SEM-EDS ... |
| ACOPIOS 2011 V2:23-28 Actualización mineralógica de las minas de Albuñuelas (Granada) |
| Analysis made by César Menor Salván ... | |
| Calvo (2015) |
| www.foro-minerales.com (2022) |
| www.foro-minerales.com (2022) +1 other reference | |
| www.foro-minerales.com (2022) +1 other reference | |
| Menor (2010) |
| Menor (2010) |
| Menor (2010) | |
| Calvo (2015) |
| Joan Rosell - rosellminerals.com |
| Joan Rosell-Riba (2016) |
| Sainz de Baranda Graf et al. (2023) |
| Sainz de Baranda Graf et al. (2023) |
| Calvo Rebollar (2015) |
Tunisia | |
| Dill |
Turkey | |
| Powell et al. (2021) |
UK | |
| Tony Aldworth Collection/Chris Jewson ... |
| Rob Bowell (Cardiff University analysis) |
| Green et al. (2008) |
| Tarmac |
| S. Rust collection |
| Manchester University Museum |
| Steve Rust |
| Steve Rust | |
| S. Rust collection. |
USA | |
| "The Accidental Pocket" talk presented ... |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Rob Bowell |
| Luetcke (n.d.) | |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Robert Jenkins Raman Spectroscopy |
|
Whytes Cleuch, Wanlockhead, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, UK